Serum Anion Gap Is Associated with All-Cause Mortality among Critically Ill Patients with Congestive Heart Failure

Table 4

Subgroup analysis of the correlation between serum anion gap and 30-day all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with congestive heart failure.

		Serum anion gap (mmol/L)			for interaction
		<13	≥13, <16	≥16
Liver diseases					0.4454
No	7121	1.0 (ref)	1.45 (1.23, 1.70)	2.56 (2.20, 2.97)
Yes	305	1.0 (ref)	1.98 (0.97, 4.06)	3.85 (2.04, 7.30)
Renal failure					0.0908
No	5736	1.0 (ref)	1.56 (1.31, 1.85)	2.60 (2.21, 3.05)
Yes	1690	1.0 (ref)	1.17 (0.79, 1.73)	2.74 (1.94, 3.88)
Atrial fibrillation					0.1283
No	4123	1.0 (ref)	1.33 (1.07, 1.66)	2.25 (1.84, 2.76)
Yes	3303	1.0 (ref)	1.62 (1.30, 2.03)	3.07 (2.50, 3.78)
Stroke					0.6586
No	7035	1.0 (ref)	1.43 (1.21, 1.68)	2.63 (2.26, 3.06)
Yes	391	1.0 (ref)	1.68 (1.01, 2.80)	2.61 (1.59, 4.27)
AMI					0.4511
No	6828	1.0 (ref)	1.44 (1.23, 1.70)	2.58 (2.22, 2.99)
Yes	598	1.0 (ref)	2.14 (1.02, 4.51)	3.90 (1.95, 7.83)
VHD					0.0653
No	6736	1.0 (ref)	1.52 (1.28, 1.80)	2.78 (2.38, 3.24)
Yes	690	1.0 (ref)	1.08 (0.69, 1.67)	1.63 (1.08, 2.46)
PCD					0.0510
No	7017	1.0 (ref)	1.53 (1.30, 1.81)	2.77 (2.38, 3.22)
Yes	409	1.0 (ref)	0.88 (0.51, 1.51)	1.43 (0.87, 2.34)
HBP					0.2921
No	6008	1.0 (ref)	1.49 (1.26, 1.76)	2.59 (2.21, 3.03)
Yes	1418	1.0 (ref)	1.61 (1.00, 2.58)	3.52 (2.29, 5.42)
Diabetes					0.6109
No	4773	1.0 (ref)	1.41 (1.17, 1.69)	2.56 (2.20, 2.97)
Yes	2653	1.0 (ref)	1.61 (1.19, 2.17)	2.76 (2.10, 3.62)
Pneumonia					<0.0001
No	5765	1.0 (ref)	1.57 (1.29, 1.92)	3.27 (2.73, 3.91)
Yes	1661	1.0 (ref)	1.16 (0.89, 1.50)	1.44 (1.13, 1.85)
Respiratory failure					<0.0001
No	5537	1.0 (ref)	1.72 (1.37, 2.16)	3.51 (2.85, 4.32)
Yes	1889	1.0 (ref)	1.06 (0.85, 1.32)	1.49 (1.22, 1.83)
Malignancy					0.0320
No	7069	1.0 (ref)	1.42 (1.20, 1.68)	2.71 (2.33, 3.15)
Yes	357	1.0 (ref)	1.69 (1.03, 2.77)	1.84 (1.10, 3.07)
Dialysis					0.8370
No	6811	1.0 (ref)	1.45 (1.23, 1.70)	2.51 (2.16, 2.92)
Yes	615	1.0 (ref)	1.48 (0.69, 3.19)	2.34 (1.18, 4.60)
Vasopressor					0.0736
No	5704	1.0 (ref)	1.46 (1.21, 1.77)	2.33 (1.94, 2.80)
Yes	1722	1.0 (ref)	1.62 (1.23, 2.13)	3.15 (2.48, 4.01)
Ventilation					0.0088
No	5018	1.0 (ref)	1.57 (1.25, 1.98)	2.95 (2.38, 3.65)
Yes	2408	1.0 (ref)	1.22 (0.99, 1.52)	1.89 (1.55, 2.30)
SOFA					0.3416
<4	2785	1.0 (ref)	1.33 (1.00, 1.78)	2.01 (1.50, 2.69)
≥4	4641	1.0 (ref)	1.56 (1.30, 1.89)	2.59 (2.19, 3.07)
SAPSII					0.8125
<39	3701	1.0 (ref)	1.50 (1.13, 2.00)	2.17 (1.62, 2.91)
≥39	3725	1.0 (ref)	1.36 (1.12, 1.64)	2.09 (1.77, 2.48)

Note: AMI: acute myocardial infarction; VHD: valvular heart diseases; PCD: pulmonary circulation diseases; HBP: hypertension; SOFA: stroke, and malignancy. Calculate the sequential organ failure assessment score; SAPSII: simplified acute physiology score II.