In Search of TGCT Biomarkers: A Comprehensive In Silico and Histopathological Analysis

Figure 11

The heat map indicates differences in gene expression between compounds. (a) Protein and mRNA expression of the selected genes in healthy tissue (HT), germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS), and testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT). The protein expression in HT is presented as normal expression (0), while protein expression in GCNIS and TGCT is characterized as increased (2) or decreased (-2) based on the comparison with the expression in HT. The heat map indicates differences in mRNA expression between HT and TGCT, where decreased mRNA expression is characterized as -1 and increased as 1. (b) Protein expression, mRNA expression, and DNA methylation of the selected genes in seminoma (SE) and nonseminoma (NS). No difference in the gene expression between NS and SE is presented as 0, while increased gene expression is presented as 1 and decreased gene expression is presented as -1 in SE and NS based on the comparison between these two entities.

(a)

(b)