Disease Markers

Review Article

Role of Biomarkers in the Integrated Management of Melanoma

Table 1

Potential biomarkers in malignant melanoma.
Major laboratory methodologiesCorrespondence withBiomarkersReferences
Nucleic acidsRT-PCROverall survivalmiRNA-29c[11]
RT-PCRBreslow indexmiRNA-221[11]
MetabolitesHPLCBreslow index6H5MI2C[11]
HPLCPoor prognosis, response to treatment5-S-cysteinyl-DOPA[11]
HPLCTumor burden, tumor progressionl-DOPA/l-tyrosine[11]
Progenitor/stem cell-like markersIHCDiseaseSOX protein family[14, 15]
S100 proteinsELISA, LIATumor stage, survival, recurrenceS100B[16, 17]
MS, IHCTumor progressionS100A13[18, 19]
Northern blotTumor progression (negative correlation)S100A2[11]
IHCTumor progressionS100P[11, 20]
IHC, ELISA, FCTumor progressionS100A8/A9[21, 22]
IHCTumor progressionS100A4[11]
Northern blotSurvivalS100A6[11]
Secreted proteins/antigensELISATumor stage, tumor progression, poor prognosisYKL-40[11]
ELISASurvival, recurrenceTA90[11]
ELISA, RT-PCRTumor stage, survival, tumor progressionVEGF[11]
ELISASurvival poor prognosisMIA[11
RT-PCRTumor progressionMAGE[11]
ELISATumor burdenVEGF-C, VEGFR-3[11]
RT-PCRTumor stageMART-1[11]
IPSurvival tumor progressionC-reactive protein[11]
IHC, TMABreslow index, survival, poor prognosisOsteopontin[11]
ELISATumor progressionCYT-MAA[11]
ELISASurvivalsICAM, sVCAM[11]
IHC, ELISAPoor prognosis, tumor progressionGalectin-3[11]
IHC, ELISATumor stage, tumor progression, overall survivalCEACAM[11]
EnzymesHPLCOverall survivalIDO[23]
RT-PCR, nested RT-PCRPoor prognosis, survival rate, overall survivalTyrosinase[11]
IHCDisease-free survivalMMP-1, MMP-3[11]
Cytomorphology, IHCOverall survivalCD10[24, 25]
IHCDiseaseCathepsin K[26]
ELISADisease, poor prognosisMMP-9[11, 27]
ELISADisease-free and overall survivalTIMP-1[27]
IHCBreslow index, tumor progressionCox-2[11]
IHCOverall survivalMMP-12[28]
Photometric assay, meta-analysis#Prognosis, tumor stage, survival rateLDH[11]
IHCTumor progressionMT1-MMP[29]
IHCOverall survivalLegumain[30]
TMA, IHCTumor progressionMMP-2[31, 32]
IHCProgression-free survivalMMP-23[33]
RT-PCR: reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; TIMP: tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase.