Diagnostic Value of Circulating Progranulin and Its Receptor EphA2 in Predicting the Atheroma Burden in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Table 1

Baseline characteristics and biochemical index of the study participants.

Variables	Control ()	SAP ()	ACS ()	value
Males, (%)	30 (71.4)	54 (72.0)	69 (82.1)	0.094
Age (y) ()				0.105
BMI (kg/m^2)				0.471
Cardiovascular risk factor
Hypertension, (%)	24 (57.1)	49 (65.3)	51 (60.7)	0.663
Diabetes mellitus, (%)	10 (23.8)	28 (37.3)	35 (41.7)	0.141
Smoking, (%)	14 (33.3)	34 (45.3)	34 (40.5)	0.447
Biochemical index
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m^2)	90.0 (82.0, 95.0)	85.0 (70.0, 90.0)	83.0 (71.5,96.0)	0.041
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	131.8 (109.0, 164.9)	118.3 (103.6, 151.9)^b	152.7 (133.4, 185.6)^a	<0.001
LDL (mg/dL)	56.1 (44.9, 87.4)^b	48.9 (36.7, 75.8)^b	85.4 (66.1, 116.4)^a	<0.001
Hemoglobin A1c (%)	5.8 (5.5, 6.1)^b	6.2 (5.7, 7.1)	6.4 (5.6, 7.9)^a	0.023
NT-proBNP (pg/mL)	51.7 (32.9, 128.5)^b	89.6 (44.9, 195.8)^b	497.0 (137.8, 1050.0)^a	<0.001
cTnT (ng/mL)	0.007 (0.005, 0.010)^b	0.009 (0.006, 0.014)^b	0.19 (0.04, 0.95)^a	<0.001
CK-MB (U/L)	15.0 (13.0, 17.0)^b	14.0 (12.0, 17.0)^b	21.0 (14.5, 56.0)^a	<0.001
hs-CRP (mg/L)	0.6 (0.3, 0.9)^b	0.7 (0.4, 1.4)^b	4.7 (1.0, 10.6)^a	<0.001
PGRN (ng/mL)	41.2 (31.0, 50.1)	39.7 (31.4, 46.7)^b	43.3 (37.5, 53.1)^a	0.036
EphA2 (pg/mL)	39.0 (23.8, 109.6)^b	38.8 (21.3, 173.9)^b	284.5 (199.4, 437.6)^a	<0.001
Gensini score	5.0 (1.5, 8.0)^c	25.7 (16.5, 43.0)^b	57.0 (38.0, 97.0)^a	<0.001
LVEF (%)	66.0 (64.0, 67.0)^b	64.5 (61.0, 67.0)^b	58.0 (48.0, 62.0)^a	<0.001
CTO	0 (0.0)	7 (9.5)	39 (46.4)	<0.001

Data are expressed as or median (interquartile range) or (%). ^a,b,cSame letters indicate no statistical significance between groups based on Tukey’s HSD post hoc test. ACS: acute coronary syndrome; SAP: stable angina pectoris; BMI: body mass index; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide; cTnT: cardiac troponin T; CK-MB: creatine kinase-MB; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; PGRN: progranulin; EphA2: Eph-receptor tyrosine kinase-type A2; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; CTO: chronic total occlusion.