Review Article
Inflammatory Markers in Cerebrospinal Fluid from Patients with Hydrocephalus: A Systematic Literature Review
Table 2
Inflammatory markers in PHH patients.
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↑↑ = most evidence: significantly increased in PHH patients in two or more studies, and maximum one study reports a contradictory result. ↑ = limited evidence: significantly increased in PHH patients in a single study. ↓ = limited evidence: significantly decreased in PHH patients in a single study. → → = most evidence: no significant difference in two or more studies, and maximum one study reports a contradictory result. → = no significant difference in a single study. Contr = contradicting results. Abbreviations: IL: interleukin; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; CCL: C-C motif chemokine ligand; MIP: macrophage inflammatory protein; CXCL: C-X-C motif chemokine ligand; IP: interferon gamma inducible protein; HGF: hepatocyte growth factor; HMGB1: high-mobility group box 1; L1CAM: L1 cell adhesion molecule; MMP: matrix metalloproteinase; FasR: Fas receptor; sFas: soluble Fas; SP-G: surfactant protein-G; sRAGE: soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products; TGF: transforming growth factor; TIMP: tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases; XCL: X-C motif chemokine ligand; SCF: stem cell factor; FasL: Fas ligand; sFasL: soluble fas ligand; MCP: monocyte chemoattractant protein; IFN: interferon; TNF: tumor necrosis factor. |