Prognostic Markers in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: The Role of IP-10 and C-Reactive Protein

Table 2

Baseline routine laboratory findings and multiplex quantifications in patients with an adverse disease evolution (death/ICU admitted) vs. all the other patients. Data are expressed as medians (IQR). Bold text highlights the statistically significant results.

Laboratory findings at baseline ()	Adverse disease evolution ()	All other patients ()		value
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	14.3 [11.9-15.1]	14.2 [12.9-15.0]	0.3708	0.7108
RDW-CV (%)	13.6 [13.0-14.4]	13.3 [12.8-13.8]	2.0285	0.0425
White blood cells ()	8.12 [5.12-9.87]	6.99 [5.05-9.21]	0.2385	0.8115
Neutrophils ()	5.70 [4.20-9.15]	5.67 [4.20-7.93]	0.3940	0.6936
Eosinophils ()	0.00 [0.00-0.00]	0.00 [0.00-0.00]	0.2413	0.8093
Lymphocytes ()	0.62 [0.39-0.77]	0.74 [5.70-0.99]	-2.2837	0.0224
Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio	11.90 [4.97-17.60]	7.88 [4.70-10.55]	1.7909	0.0733
Platelets ()	162 [128-200]	219 [176-273]	-4.1859	0.0001
ALT (U/L)	36 [27-57]	37 [28-55]	-0.1949	0.8455
AST (U/L)	43 [36-70]	41 [31-56]	1.2971	0.1946
Bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.7 [0.5-0.8]	0.6 [0.5-0.8]	1.1019	0.2705
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.91 [0.77-1.24]	0.78 [0.64-0.90]	2.6236	0.0087
Glomerular filtration rate (mL/min)	75 [61-90]	93 [74-103]	-2.8489	0.0044
CRP (mg/dL)	10.2 [5.6-15.5]	7.7 [4.1-12.0]	1.8531	0.0639
LDH (U/L)	784 [694-1010]	690 [535-864]	2.1414	0.0322
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (mm/h)	44 [25-56]	40 [31-50]	0.6988	0.4847
Troponin I (ng/mL)	13 [4-17]	7 [2-14]	1.7752	0.0759
Ferritin (ng/mL)	1155 [608-1921]	793 [371-1245]	2.2487	0.0245
D-dimer (μg/L)	1175 [593-1773]	667 [481-1056]	2.2821	0.0225
Albumin (g/dL)	4.0 [3.7-4.3]	4.0 [3.7-4.2]	0.6087	0.5427
Eotaxin (pg/mL)	3.45 [2.97-4.13]	3.68 [2.62-4.78]	-0.0467	0.9628
FGF (pg/mL)	12.68 [0.00-17.49]	15.72 [5.03-22.55]	-1.6272	0.1037
G-CSF (pg/mL)	61.47 [43.47-111.57]	64.27 [43.47-91.38]	-0.6610	0.5086
GM-CSF (pg/mL)	0.00 [0.00-0.00]	0.00 [0.00-0.00]	1.8897	0.0588
IFN-γ (pg/mL)	7.64 [5.56-9.70]	7.37 [5.20-9.98]	0.1919	0.8478
IL-1β (pg/mL)	0.16 [0.00-1.03]	0.53 [0.00-1.43]	-0.5697	0.5689
IL1-RA (pg/mL)	0.00 [0.00-168.65]	0.00 [0.00-168.65]	-0.2656	0.7906
IL-2 (pg/mL)	0.07 [0.00-1.79]	1.50 [0.00-4.34]	-1.8431	0.0653
IL-4 (pg/mL)	0.58 [0.00-0.90]	0.32 [0.00-0.73]	1.1959	0.2317
IL-5 (pg/mL)	0.00 [0.00-48.48]	0.00 [0.00-107.56]	-1.4608	0.1441
IL-6 (pg/mL)	20.12 [11.51-42.41]	8.17 [3.8-22.45]	2.7546	0.0059
IL-7 (pg/mL)	7.44 [1.93-19.94]	8.57 [1.93-22.56]	-0.7296	0.4656
IL-8 (pg/mL)	22.60 [16.77-44.72]	15.95 [11.18-25.20]	2.7034	0.0069
IL-9 (pg/mL)	456.18 [401.78-493.75]	456.86 [403.68-553.68]	-1.0004	0.3171
IL-10 (pg/mL)	2.05 [0.13-3.11]	1.27 [0.00-4.42]	0.4075	0.6837
IL-12 (pg/mL)	0.95 [0.00-3.23]	2.21 [0.00-4.68]	-1.8208	0.0686
IL-13 (pg/mL)	0.00 [0.00-0.49]	0.00 [0.00-0.79]	-0.1276	0.8985
IL-15 (pg/mL)	0.00 [0.00-84.08]	0.00 [0.00-273.20]	-1.0831	0.2788
IL-17 (pg/mL)	4.37 [3.65-5.95]	4.37 [2.91-6.33]	0.5474	0.5841
IP-10 (pg/mL)	7520.77 [4953.57-12322.33]	3451.44 [2102.05-5850.57]	4.8026	0.0001
MCP-1 (pg/mL)	121.31 [67.56-203.32]	75.11 [40.74-103.27]	2.6877	0.0072
MIP-1α (pg/mL)	1.89 [1.29-2.95]	1.69 [1.04-2.66]	0.6768	0.4985
MIP-1β (pg/mL)	222.66 [198.75-241.60]	228.00 [194.67-257.58]	-0.8683	0.3853
PDGF (pg/mL)	1040.46 [614.45-1910.19]	1370.46 [723.44-2622.26]	-1.4074	0.1593
RANTES (pg/mL)	5525.30 [2952.02-8016.74]	5300.72 [2982.24-10540.92]	-0.9823	0.3260
TNF-α (pg/mL)	19.12 [15.42-20.63]	21.91 [16.17-27.47]	-1.9106	0.0561
VEGF (pg/mL)	178.91 [19.79-230.35]	198.68 [48.82-291.68]	-1.1787	0.2385