Increased Sphingosine Kinase 1 Expression Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Human Solid Tumors: A Meta-Analysis
Table 4
Risk of bias assessment using the GRADE instrument.
Quality assessment
Quality
Importance
No. of studies
Study design
Risk of bias
Inconsistency
Indirectness
Imprecision
Other considerations
OS
29
Observational studies
Not serious
Serious
Not serious
Not serious
Publication bias strongly suspected; strong association; all plausible residual confounding would suggest spurious effect, while no effect was observed
⨁⨁◯◯ Low
Our confidence in the effect estimate is limited
DFS
11
Observational studies
Serious
Serious
Not serious
Not serious
Strong association; all plausible residual confounding would suggest spurious effect, while no effect was observed
⨁⨁◯◯ Low
Our confidence in the effect estimate is limited
Question: “Is Upregulation of SPHK1 associated with poor prognosis in human solid tumors?”.