HFpEF and Atrial Fibrillation: The Enigmatic Interplay of Dysmetabolism, Biomarkers, and Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction

Table 2

Association between examined biomarkers with cardiac and vascular function. The numbers in cells represent Spearman’s correlation coefficients. Statistically significant associations (p <0.05) are marked in italics.

	FMD	PWV	LV EF	E/e	LAVI	sPAP	NT-proBNP
IGF-1	-0.168	-0.121	0.076	0.235	-0.003	-0.217	-0.201
Irisin	-0.193	0.194	-0.150	0.031	-0.229	-0.160	-0.420
Leptin	-0.227	0.182	-0.105	-0.070	-0.221	-0.182	-0.354
Adiponectin	-0.368	0.017	-0.319	-0.069	0.057	0.014	-0.178
MDA	-0.166	0.382	0.057	0.352	-0.231	-0.019	-0.075

IGF-1: insulin-like growth factor 1; MDA: malondialdehyde; FMD: flow-mediated dilation; PWV: pulse wave velocity; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; E/e: E-wave divided by e velocity; LAVI: left atrial volume index; sPAP: systolic pulmonary pressure; NT-proBNP: N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide.