Electrolyte, acid-base, and mineral metabolism disorders are common in both outpatient and inpatient settings, independently associated with both short- and long-term mortality. Uncorrected electrolyte abnormalities may result in life-threatening consequences. The prevalence of hyponatremia, the most common electrolyte disorder, has been reported as high as 30% among hospitalized patients. An abrupt decrease in serum sodium can cause significant cerebral edema, leading to lethargy, seizures, coma, or mortality. Furthermore, hyperkalemia is also a common condition occurring in up to 10% of hospitalized patients. If hyperkalemia is left untreated, a sine-wave pattern, idioventricular rhythms, and asystolic cardiac arrest may develop.

Despite advances in medicine, electrolyte, acid-base, and mineral metabolism disorders remain widespread and are associated with increased mortality. Hence, additional studies are essentially required in the fields of electrolyte, acid-base, and mineral metabolism research.

In this Special Issue, we invite researchers and clinicians to submit their invaluable studies of electrolyte, acid-base, and mineral metabolism disorders, as have been conducted in both basic research and clinical research that will provide additional knowledge and skills in the field of electrolyte research, ultimately to improve patient outcomes. Original investigations and review articles are especially welcome.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Electrolyte imbalance in critically ill patients
• Diagnosing acute acid-base disorders
• Assessment of acid-base balance: Stewart's approach
• Management of hyponatremia in the ICU
• Diagnosis and treatment of hypernatremia
• Pathophysiology and management of hypokalemia: a clinical perspective
• Updates in hyperkalemia: outcomes and therapeutic strategies
• Hypomagnesemia: a clinical perspective
• Analysis of hypermagnesemia and hypomagnesemia
• Chloride-restrictive fluid administration and incidence of acute kidney injury
• Metabolic acidosis: pathophysiology, diagnosis and management
• Metabolic alkalosis, bedside and bench