Cellular and Molecular Characteristics of Scarless versus Fibrotic Wound Healing

Table 1

Characteristic differences observed between fetal and adult wound healing.

	Fetal Wound Healing	Adult Wound Healing
Inflammation	Minimal	Robust
Select Growth Factors
PDGF	Transient	Sustained
FGF	Low	High
TGFβ	Low TGFβ1 and TGFβ2	High TGFβ1 and TGFβ2
	High TGFβ3	Low TGFβ3
Proinflammatory cytokines
IL-6	Low	High
IL-8	Low	High
Anti-inflammatory cytokine; IL-10	High	Low
Formation of granulation tissue	No	Yes
ECM Proteins
Collagen	Increased Type III collagen; (ratio of type III : type I is high)	Increased Type I collagen; (ratio of type I : type III is high)
Fibronectin	Early Deposition	Late Deposition
Tenascin	Early Appearance	Late Appearance
Proteoglycans and Glycosaminoglycans
Hyaluronic Acid	High	Low
Fibromodulin	High	Low
Decorin	Low	High
Myofibroblasts	No	Yes
Integrins during re-epithelialization	Early	Late
CCT-subunits
CCT-eta	Low	High
CCT-beta	No change	No change