Clinical and Genetic Review of Hereditary Acral Reticulate Pigmentary Disorders

Table 3

Histopathological features, light microscopy.

Disorder	Light Microscopy
DSH	Hyperpigmented macules⁢; (i) Increase in melanin with pigmentary incontinence in the basal layer; (ii) Increased melanocytes sizes with elongated dendrites; Hypopigmented macules⁢; (i) Decrease in melanin pigments and number of melanocytes
DUH	Hyperpigmented macules⁢; (i) Increase in melanin with pigmentary incontinence in the basal layer; Hypopigmented macules⁢; (i) Decreased melanin deposition in the basal layer
RAPK	Hyperpigmented macules⁢; (i) Increase in melanin in the basal layer with no pigmentary incontinence; (ii) Hyperkeratosis with no parakeratosis
DPR	(i) Mild orthokeratosis, papillomatosis; (ii) Heavily pigmented epidermis with pigmentary incontinence; (iii) Interface dermatitis; (iv) Superficial perivascular inflammations
NFJS	Hyperpigmented lesions⁢; (i) Increase in melanin in the basal layer with pigmentary incontinence
EBS-MP	Hyperpigmented macules⁢; (i) Epidermal atrophy; (ii) Increased pigmentation in the basal cells with pigmentary incontinence
ACD	Hyper- and hypopigmented macules⁢; (i) Eosinophilic material (amyloid) in papillary dermis; (ii) Melanin pigment incontinence

DSH: dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria; DUH: dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria; RAPK: reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura; DPR: dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis; NFJS: Naegeli-Franceschetti-Jadassohn Syndrome; EBS-MP: epidermolysis bullosa simplex with mottled pigmentation; ACD: amyloidosis cutis dyschromica.