Invisible Victims: Delayed Onset Depression among Adults with Same-Sex Parents
Table 1
Adjusted means by family type for variables in the analysis, showing risk ratio, significance, and effect size: Add Health Waves I–IV.
OS parents
SS parents
Risk ratio
95% CI
> ln(OS/SS) = 0
Effect size (SMD)
% (SE)
% (SE)
Measured at Wave I (baseline)
Depressed (CES-D)
21.8 (.66)
18.3 (14.4)
.83
.2–3.9
.82
−.13
Suicide ideation
13.6 (.44)
43.5 (19.0)
3.2
1.4–7.5
.007
.89
Anxiety
56.9 (.91)
89.9 (7.8)
1.6
1.3–1.9
.000
1.09
Distant from one or both parents
35.8 (.90)
93.2 (7.5)
2.6
2.2–3.1
.000
1.83
Obese
13.8 (.60)
30.8 (22.3)
2.2
.54–9.1
.27
.58
Measured at Wave III ()
Child abuse by parent (verbal, physical, and sexual)
58.2 (.01)
92.0 (6.2)
1.6
1.4–1.8
.000
1.17
Measured at Wave IV ()
Depressed (CES-D)
19.7 (.63)
51.0 (15.1)
2.6
1.4–4.6
.001
.85
Suicide ideation
7.1 (.43)
30.1 (21.4)
4.2
1.0–17.1
.04
.97
Perceived stigma
7.0 (.36)
36.7 (24.6)
5.2
1.4–19.4
.01
1.17
Distant from one or both parents
43.5 (.81)
72.6 (14.6)
1.7
1.1–2.5
.01
.71
Obese
37.2 (.81)
71.9 (17.8)
1.9
1.2–3.2
.009
.84
12,268
20
Table values show logit estimates adjusted for parents’ education and income and respondent’s age, sex, race, education (at Wave IV), and income (at Wave IV). Test shown tests the equivalence of the logit coefficients, that is, ln(OS/SS) = 0. Effect size reports standard mean difference following Chinn [23].
