S100B Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Co-Occurring Depressive Symptoms
Table 2
Comparison of characteristics of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients without depressive symptoms vs type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients with depressive symptoms.
No Depressive symptoms (30)
Depressive symptoms (22)
p
Age
63 ± 12
62 ± 12
0.609
female
20 (66. 7%)
15 (68. 2%)
0.575
BMI (kg/m2)
31.3 ± 5.7
31.2 ± 5.5
0.919
Current smoking
7 (23. 3%)
6 (27. 3%)
0.757
CAD
4 (13. 3%)
6 (27. 3%)
0.183
Arterial Hypertension
22 (73. 3%)
13 (59. 1%)
0.312
MAP
98 ± 1.1
94 ± 0.9
0.185
Duration of diabetes (months)
108 (57-156)
78 (24-240)
0.933
Creatinine (mg/dl)
0.85 ± 0.17
0.88 ± 0.2
0.620
MDRD
79 ± 20
77 ± 17
0.595
LDL (mg/dl)
110 (85-123)
112 (75-130)
0.945
HDL (mg/dl)
45 ± 13
51 ± 16
0.133
Triglycerides (mg/dl)
145 (109-192)
121 (92-182)
0.394
HbA1c (%)
7.1 ± 1.3
7.0 ± 0.8
0.895
TNFa (pg/ml)
5.3 ± 2.0
6.6 ± 2.6
0.058
S100-B (pg/ml)
2.1 (1.9-10.9)
2.4 (1.9-14.8)
0.637
Insulin
4 (13. 3%)
6 (27. 3%)
0.290
Metformin
22 (73. 3%)
14 (63. 6%)
0.548
DPP4 inhibitors
5 (16. 7%)
7 (31. 8%)
0.171
Sulphonylureas
10 (33. 3%)
4 (18. 1%)
0.185
ACE/ARBs
16 (71. 5%)
11 (50%)
0.814
b-blockers
10 (33. 3%)
8 (36. 4%)
0.820
Antiplatelet treatment
9 (30%)
8 (36. 4%)
0.767
Statin treatment
16 (53. 3%)
12 (54. 5%)
0.931
Zung self-assessment score
37 ± 9
53 ± 4
<0.001
Hamilton (interview) rating scale score (17)
9 (8-10)
3 (2-5)
<0.001
BMI: body mass index, TIA: transient ischemic attack, CAD: cardiovascular disease, MAP: mean arterial pressure (MAP = [(2 x diastolic)+systolic]/3, MDRD: GFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) = 175 × (Scr)-1.154 × (Age)-0.203 × (0.742 if female) (mL/min/1.73 m2), LDL: low density lipoprotein, HDL: high density lipoprotein, HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin, TNFa: tumor necrosis factor a, S100B: S100 calcium binding peptide b, DPP4 inhibitors: dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors, ACE: angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, and ARBs: angiotensin receptor blockers.
