Brazilian Green Propolis Inhibits Inflammatory Angiogenesis in a Murine Sponge Model

Figure 4

Diagram representing the sequence of major cellular and molecular events modulated by WEP in sponge-induced inflammatory angiogenesis. The effect of WEP decreasing macrophage recruitment/activation leads to low production of N-acety-𝛽-_D-glucosaminidase enzyme. WEP modulates cytokine production in the implants by increasing the levels of VEGF and TNF-𝛼 and decreasing the levels of TGF-𝛽1. These cytokines play an important role in regulating extracellular matrix deposition.