Safety of Herbal Medicinal Products: Echinacea and Selected Alkylamides Do Not Induce CYP3A4 mRNA Expression
Figure 4
Relative CYP3A4 mRNA expression (fold increase over vehicle control) for CYP3A4 in HepG2 cells after a 96 h treatments with: 50 μM rifampicin (R), Echinaforce (E1: 1.16 μg mL−1, E2: 11.6 μg mL−1, E3: 22 μg mL−1), alkylamide 1 (1A: 1.62 nM, 1B: 40 nM), alkylamide 2 (2A: 1.62 nM, 2B: 40 nM), alkylamide 3 (3A: 1.62 nM, 3B: 44 nM) and alkylamide 4 (4A: 1.62 nM, 4B: 44 nM). A value of 1 denotes no increase over the control. Values are the average of three independent experiments ± SE. Statistically significant results (P < .05 with a randomization assay) are marked with **.
