The Role of Acu-TENS in Hemodynamic Recovery after Open-Heart Surgery

Table 1

Demographic data and baseline characteristics for the patient groups.

	Acu-TENS (n = 20)	Placebo-TENS (n = 20)	Control (n = 20)	P-value
Age	54.88 ± 3.90	53.05 ± 2.52	59.4 ± 2.28	.387
Body mass index	22.90 ± 0.75	22.14 ± 0.76	24.0 ± 0.92	.092
Ejection fraction	64.60 ± 1.52	60.40 ± 2.51	61.6 ± 1.65	.294
Duration of operation	4.05 ± 0.13	3.97 ± 0.15	4.22 ± 0.24	.945
Gender (M : F)	13 : 7	7 : 13	14 : 6	.500
Operation
CABG : VR	9 : 11	5 : 15	12 : 8	.138
Metoprolol (mg day^−1)	10.0 ± 2.81	5.00 ± 2.29	8.3 ± 2.63	.395
Amiodarone (mg day^−1)	20 ± 13.75	20 ± 13.76	20 ± 13.72	.933
ACEi (mg day^−1)	0	0.4 ± 0.28	0	.169
Digoxin (mg day^−1)	37.5 ± 20.48	75 ± 26.28	25 ± 17.21	.244

Data are mean ± SE. M: male; F: female; CABG: coronary artery bypass graph; VR: valve replacement.