Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Interactions of Propranolol with Garlic (Allium sativum) in Rats

Table 1

CK-MB, LDH, SOD, catalase activities and histological scores in rats.

Treatments	CK-MB activity		LDH activity		HTH		Histological scores
	Serum (U l^−1)	Heart tissue homogenate (U g^−1)	Serum (U l^−1)	Heart tissue homogenate (U g^−1)	SOD (U mg^−1 protein)	Catalase (U mg^−1 protein)
Normal control	25.9 ± 2	44.1 ± 2	432 ± 5	626 ± 4	2.5 ± 0.0	3.2 ± 0.5	0.5 ± 0.2
HF + ISO control	38.4 ± 1.8***	21.2 ± 0.3***	565 ± 5***	386 ± 5***	1.5 ± 0.4***	1.7 ± 0.3***	2.6 ± 0.2***
HF + PRO	26.4 ± 3^*•••	38.3 ± 3^*•••	471 ± 4^••	563 ± 2^•••	1.9 ± 0.1^•••	1.9 ± 0.2^*••	0.5 ± 0.2^*••
HF + GH-125	27.3 ± 1^*••	40.2 ± 2^•••	415 ± 3^•••	542 ± 3^•••	2.2 ± 0.3^•••	2.5 ± 0.4^**••	0.5 ± 0.2^•••
HF + GH-250	25.2 ± 2^•••	42.6 ± 1^*•••	421 ± 7^•••	618 ± 9^•••	2.4 ± 0.5^•••	3.1 ± 0.3^*•••	0.5 ± 0.2^**•••
HF + GH-500	28.8 ± 1^*••	38.8 ± 1^*•••	459 ± 5^••	531 ± 7^•••	2.3 ± 0.1^•••	2.8 ± 0.6^*•••	1.0 ± 0.3^*••
HF + GH-125 + PRO	25.2 ± 2^•••	44.6 ± 3^•••	446 ± 4^•••	612 ± 6^•••	2.3 ± 0.1^•••aa	2.8 ± 0.4^•••aa	0.5 ± 0.1^•••
F + GH-250 + PRO	24.3 ± 3^•••	46.4 ± 3^•••a	441 ± 3^•••	633 ± 7^•••	2.4 ± 0.2^•••aa	3.3 ± 0.2^•••aaa	0.3 ± 0.2^•••
HF + GH-500 + PRO	25.4 ± 5^•••	44.5 ± 5^•••	459 ± 7^•••	613 ± 8^•••	2.2 ± 0.1^•••aa	2.9 ± 0.3^•••aa	0.5 ± 0.1^•••

All values are mean ± SEM, 𝑛=4/8; HF—high fructose; PRO—propranolol, 10 mg kg⁻¹, p.o. GH-125, 250 and 500—garlic homogenate 125, 250 and 500 mg kg⁻¹, p.o.
* P < .05, **𝑃<.01, ***𝑃<.001 when compared to normal control; ^••𝑃<.01, ^•••𝑃<.001 when compared to HF control; ^a𝑃<.05, ^aa𝑃<.01, ^aaa𝑃<.001 when compared to PRO (comparison between PRO versus PRO + GH).