Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Research Article

Evaluation of Effects of Chinese Prescription Kangen-karyu on Diabetes-Induced Alterations such as Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in the Liver of Type 2 Diabetic db/db Mice

Table 1

Biochemical analyses.
Parametersm/mdb/db
VehK-100K-200
Serum glucose (mg/dL) 1 3 2 . 5 ± 4 . 9 *** 4 8 7 . 1 ± 1 1 . 4 4 5 8 . 5 ± 2 4 . 4 4 2 3 . 5 ± 3 . 8 **
Serum leptin (ng/mL) 1 . 7 0 ± 0 . 2 2 *** 2 0 . 3 6 ± 0 . 9 0 1 8 . 7 3 ± 1 . 1 9 1 5 . 1 8 ± 0 . 2 8 ***
Serum insulin (ng/mL) 1 . 5 8 ± 0 . 0 3 *** 3 . 2 6 ± 0 . 1 7 3 . 5 5 ± 0 . 3 4 3 . 7 4 ± 0 . 2 1
Serum ALT (IU/L) 3 5 . 0 ± 2 . 2 * 8 8 . 3 ± 1 4 . 3 7 9 . 6 ± 7 . 8 7 6 . 8 ± 1 2 . 3
Serum AST (IU/L) 1 0 . 6 ± 0 . 4 *** 5 3 . 9 ± 3 . 8 4 8 . 4 ± 6 . 3 4 0 . 1 ± 7 . 0
Hepatic ROS (fluorescence/min/mg protein) 2 1 2 9 ± 5 8 *** 2 9 0 6 ± 6 8 2 5 9 4 ± 5 5 ** 2 1 5 8 ± 1 5 5 **
Hepatic TBARS (nmol/mg protein) 2 . 0 2 ± 0 . 1 1 ** 2 . 9 8 ± 0 . 2 2 2 . 2 4 ± 0 . 1 7 * 1 . 4 7 ± 0 . 0 6 ***
m/m: Misty; Veh: vehicle-treated db/db mice; K-100: Kangen-karyu 100 mg/kg body weight-treated db/db mice; K-200: Kangen-karyu 200 mg/kg body weight-treated db/db mice. The results are presented as the means ± S.E.M. * 𝑃 < 0 . 0 5 , ** 𝑃 < 0 . 0 1 , *** 𝑃 < 0 . 0 0 1 versus vehicle-treated db/db mouse values.