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| Relational Dimensions | Indicators | Description |
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(1) Shared goals and vision | Goals | (i) Consensual and comprehensive goals shared by the professions
(ii) Essential point of departure for a collaborative undertaking |
| Client-centred orientation on teamwork | (i) Differences between professionals lead to asymmetry of interests amongst partners or a partial convergence of interests
(ii) Private interest will emerge of shared goals are not negotiated, resulting in opportunistic behavior and a concomitant loss of focus on client-centered collaboration |
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(2) Internalization | Trust | (i) Collaboration is possible only when they have trust in each other’s competency
(ii) When there is too much uncertainty, professionals tend to avoid collaborating
(iii) Results of collaboration are used to evaluate each other and build trust |
| Mutual acquaintanceship | (i) Professionals must know each other’s values, level of competence, disciplinary frame of reference, and approach to care and scope of practice if they are to develop a sense of belonging to a group and succeed in setting common objectives
(ii) It is necessary to create the social conditions that will foster collaboration, particularly through social interaction |
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| Organizational Dimensions | Indicators | |
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(3) Governance | Centrality | (i) Centrality refers to the existence of clear and explicit direction towards collaboration between professions
(ii) Central directives are essential strategic and political tools that help to materialize the implementation of collaborative processes and structures |
| Leadership | (i) Frontline leadership is essential for the success of IPC. Power differential between partners should be minimized
(ii) Power should not be concentrated in the hands of a single partner; all partners must be able to have their opinions heard and to participate in decision making |
| Support for innovation | (i) Collaboration often involves dividing responsibilities differently between professionals and between institutions. It necessarily entails innovations in clinical practices and in the sharing of responsibilities between partners
(ii) Interprofessional learning and expert support is essential for implementation these innovations |
| Connectivity | (i) Strong connectivity allows for rapid and continuous adjustments to problems arising from coordination
(ii) It takes the form of information and feedback systems, committees, and so forth |
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(4) Formalization | Formalization tools | (i) They are means of clarifying the various partners’ responsibilities and negotiating how responsibilities are shared
(ii) For professionals, it is important to know what is expected of them and what they can expect of others |
| Information exchange | (i) Refers to the existence and appropriate use of an information infrastructure that allow for rapid and complete exchanges of information between professionals
(ii) Feedback provides professionals with the information they need to follow up with patients as well as to evaluate their partners on the basis of the quality of the written exchanges and feedback |
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