Research Article

Developing Policy for Integrating Biomedicine and Traditional Chinese Medical Practice Using Focus Groups and the Delphi Technique

Table 4

Statements of Delphi survey.

StatementsRound 1Round 2
Median (SD) Agreement (%) Consensus (Yes/No) Median (SD) Agreement (%) Consensus (Yes/No)

Shared goals and vision: (i) goal

(1) The most important goal in developing IPC between BMD and TCMP is to respect patient’s choice for both types of medicine4 (1.08)58No4.5 (0.87)75No
(2) The most important goal in developing IPC between BMD and TCMP is to facilitate evidence based research on the efficacy and safety of TCM and integrative medicine (IM) treatments5 (1.07)75No5 (0.80)83Yes
(3) The most important goal in developing IPC between BMD and TCMP is to generate profit by satisfying existing patient demand.1 (1.00)8Yes (negative consensus)N/A

Shared goals and vision: (ii) client-centered orientation on teamwork

(4) Stronger personal contribution is expected in the healthcare financing reform Hence the public should have the right to choose between BM and TCM when utilizing health services5 (1.00)83YesN/A
(5) BMD should respect patients’ choice for BM-TCM shared care in the in-patient environment.5 (1.27)75No5 (0.79)83Yes
(6) The current charges for public BM general outpatient clinics and TCM clinics are HKD$ 45 and HKD$ 120, respectively. Fees for both types of clinics should be equalized3 (1.56)33No3 (1.00)33No

Internalization: (i) Mutual acquaintanceship

(7) TCM should be incorporated into the BM curriculum as a compulsory element2.5 (1.44)42No3.5 (1.24)50No
(8) BM training should be strengthened in current TCM curriculum3 (1.41)42No3 (1.19)25No
(9) Dual degree course on both BM and TCM should be made available locally at undergraduate level4 (1.83)58No4 (1.03)75No

Internalization: (ii) Trust

(10) The willingness and competency of a BMD in referring to TCM should be indicated in the family doctor list2.5 (1.38)25No3 (1.06)33No
(11) Variation in existing TCMP’s competency is a major barrier for referral by BMD. The Chinese Medicine Council of Hong Kong should designate which TCMP are competent to receiving BMD referral.2 (1.73)33No3 (1.38)25No

Governance: (i) centrality

(12) The regulatory bodies, Hong Kong Medical Council, and the Chinese Medicine Council of Hong Kong should be merged to facilitate IPC2 (1.50)17No2.5 (1.66)33No
(13) Local TCM undergraduate courses have become unpopular in recent years due to poor graduate employability. Such training should be reviewed3.5 (1.24)50No4 (0.79)58No
(14) A better career prospects to Hong Kong graduates should be offered to maintain local TCM talent pool3 (1.75)42No4 (1.44)58No

Governance: (ii) Leadership

(15) In the development of integrative BM-TCM services, existing TCMP and BMD should Collaboratively work as equals without an assumed hierarchy5 (1.16)92YesN/A
(16) Part-time formal TCM training leading to qualifications recognized by both Medical Council and Chinese Medicine Council should be offered to BMD4.5 (1.28)67No5 (0.98)83Yes
(17) Part-time formal BM training leading to qualifications recognized by both Medical Council and Chinese Medicine Council should be offered to TCMP3 (1.68)42No3 (1.00)42No

Governance: (iii) support for innovation

(18) Currently, the three schools of Chinese Medicine focus on laboratory research. A health service research agency for evaluating effectiveness and cost effectiveness of TCM and IM should be set up3 (1.21)25No3 (0.89)42No
(19) With appropriate training, TCMP should be allowed to order BM diagnostic tests4 (1.13)75No4 (0.74)75No
(20) With training accredited by the Chinese Medicine Council, BMD should be allowed to perform acupuncture5 (1.64)67No5 (0.89)75No

Governance: (iv) connectivity

(21) BMD and TCMP working within the private sector should be encouraged to practice IPC and shared care5 (1.54)75No5 (0.65)92Yes
(22) BMD and TCMP working within the public sector should be encouraged to practice IPC and shared care5 (0.90)92YesN/A
(23) Public BM sector should consider and accept, if appropriate, referral from private sector TCMP5 (0.90)92YesN/A

Formalization: (i) Formalization tools

(24) Under the requirement of evidence based medicine, high quality clinical evidence on many TCM modalities is not available. TCM can be added to BM treatment as long as such addition is not found to be harmful4.5 (1.40)58No5 (1.16)92Yes

(25) Under the requirement of evidence based medicine, high quality clinical evidence on many TCM modalities is not available. Thus TCM must be used separately from BM treatment4.5 (1.61)58No5 (1.16)92Yes

Formalization: (ii) information exchange

(26) To facilitate interpretation of TCM medical records by BMD, consulting services by a dual-trained BMD-TCMP should be offered5 (1.51)67No5 (0.67)92Yes
(27) To facilitate interpretation of BM medical records by TCMP, consulting services by a dual-trained BMD-TCMP should be offered4.5 (1.21)67No5 (0.67)92Yes
(28) The design of electronic health record system should be able to present and synthesize both BM and TCM records.3 (1.67)42No3 (1.15)42No

BM: biomedicine; BMD: biomedicine doctors; TCM: traditional Chinese medicine; TCMP: traditional Chinese medicine practitioners; IM: integrative medicine; N/A: not applicable as consensus has already been reached.