Chronic Administration of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Leaves Extract Attenuates Hyperglycaemic-Induced Oxidative Stress and Improves Renal Histopathology and Function in Experimental Diabetes

Table 2

Effect of OPLE on renal functional parameters.

	Nondiabetic	Diabetic control	Diabetic + OPLE	Diabetic + OPLE
			200 mg kg^−1	500 mg kg^−1
	(4 week)	(4 week)	(4 week)	(4 week)
	(12 week)	(12 week)	(12 week)	(12 week)
Renal blood flow mL min^−1 g^−1 kidney	1.43 ± 0.10	2.27 ± 0.39	1.72 ± 0.26	1.80 ± 0.03
	1.66 ± 0.14	2.49 ± 0.16^aaa	1.78 ± 0.06^bb	1.47 ± 0.05^bbb
Glomerular filtration rate mL min^−1 g^−1 kidney	0.61 ± 0.06	0.96 ± 0.04^aa	0.67 ± 0.07^b	0.63 ± 0.09^b
	0.50 ± 0.05	0.84 ± 0.06^aa	0.75 ± 0.06^a	0.58 ± 0.02^b
Urine flow rate 𝜇L min^−1 g^−1 kidney	3.75 ± 0.59	10.68 ± 1.30^aaa	5.27 ± 0.45^bb	5.80 ± 0.80^bb
	2.89 ± 0.34	7.84 ± 0.70^aaa	6.42 ± 0.50^aa	5.29 ± 0.70^a,b
Urinary protein excretion mg 2 h^−1	1.33 ± 0.03	6.83 ± 0.30^aaa	2.87 ± 0.17^a,bbb	1.89 ± 0.34^bbb
	1.13 ± 0.05	4.66 ± 0.73^aaa	2.92 ± 0 .26^a,b	2.68 ± 0.21^a,bb
Fractional sodium excretion %	0.63 ± 0.19	1.34 ± 0.34	0.96 ± 0.22	0.90 ± 0.17
	0.56 ± 0.08	1.08 ± 0.23	0.76 ± 0.24	0.79 ± 0.23

Data are expressed as mean ± SEM of six experiments for each group. ^a𝑃<0.05; ^aa𝑃<0.01; ^aaa𝑃<0.001 versus corresponding nondiabetic; ^b𝑃<0.05; ^bb𝑃<0.01; ^bbb𝑃<0.001 versus corresponding diabetic control.