Iyengar Yoga for Distressed Women: A 3-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial
Table 2
Between-group differences of treatment effects on perceived stress and psychological outcomes, mean (95% CI).
Yoga group 1 versus control
Yoga group 2 versus control
Yoga group 1 + 2 versus control
Change
P value
Change
P value
Change
P value
CPSS
−6.7 (−10.9; −2.5)
0.002
−4.7 (−9.2; −0.3)
0.036
−5.7 (−9.5; −2.0)
0.003
CES-D
−4.2 (−7.9; −0.5)
0.028
−4.6 (−8.5; −0.7)
0.02
−4.4 (−7.6; −1.2)
0.008
S-STAI
−5.2 (−10.6; 0.1)
0.056
−6.0 (−11.6; −0.4)
0.037
−5.6 (−10.4; −0.9)
0.021
T-STAI
−5.8 (−10.1; −1.6)
0.007
−5.3 (−9.5; −1.1)
0.014
−5.6 (−9.2; −1.9)
0.003
GSI-score
−7.5 (−12.9; −2.2)
0.006
−8.2 (−13.5; −3.0)
0.002
−7.9 (−12.5; −3.3)
0.001
Bf-S
−7.0 (−14.2; 0.2)
0.057
−6.2 (−13.3; 0.9)
0.087
−6.6 (−12.8; −0.4)
0.036
POMS vigor
0.8 (0.1; 1.4)
0.022
0.6 (0.0; 1.3)
0.06
0.7 (0.1; 1.3)
0.017
POMS fatigue
−1.3 (−2.1; −0.6)
0.001
−1.0 (−1.8; −0.3)
0.009
−1.2 (−1.8; −0.5)
0.001
POMS depression
−0.4 (−1.0; 0.2)
0.20
−0.3 (−0.9; 0.2)
0.239
−0.4 (−0.9; 0.1)
0.154
POMS anger
−0.8 (−1.3; −0.2)
0.007
−0.5 (−1.1; 0.1)
0.084
−0.6 (−1.1; −0.1)
0.012
QOL mental health
0.8 (0.3; 1.3)
0.002
0.6 (0.1; 1.1)
0.022
0.7 (0.2; 1.1)
0.002
QOL physical sum score
0.1 (−0.3; 0.4)
0.72
−0.2 (−0.6; 0.2)
0.269
−0.1 (−0.4; 0.2)
0.653
QOL mental sum score
0.6 (0.1; 1.2)
0.024
0.6 (0.0; 1.1)
0.044
0.6 (0.1; 1.1)
0.012
CPSS: Cohen Perceived Stress Scale; CES-D: Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale; S-STAI: State Anxiety; T-STAI: Trait Anxiety; Bf-S: Zerssen well being scale; GSI: General Severity Index; POMS: Profile of Mood States; QOL: short form-36 Quality of Life.
