Syringic Acid Extracted from Herba dendrobii Prevents Diabetic Cataract Pathogenesis by Inhibiting Aldose Reductase Activity

Table 2

Opacification scores, expressed as total number of plus (+) signs, of cultured lenses in different groups at various time points in  vitro.

Groups	𝑁^∗	6 h	12 h	18 h	24 h
Normal control	5	0	0	0	0
Model control	5	5	9	13	15
Catalin control	5	0	4**	7**	9**
Syringic acid groups
High dose	5	3	6	7	11
Medium dose	5	1	2^#	3^#	6^#
Low dose	5	3	7	11	12

𝑁^∗: number of animals used in each group.
** 𝑃<0.05 compared to all other groups.
^#𝑃<0.05 compared to the high- and low-dose syringic acid groups.
Intergroup differences were analyzed using the Nemenyi multiple-comparison H test.
Clear lines indicated Grade 0 turbidity; vague lines with a distinguished outline indicated Grade I (+) turbidity, a vague outline with indistinct line centers indicated Grade II (++) turbidity, and a cloudy cortex with all lines invisible indicated Grade III (+++) turbidity. (Numbers in columns from 6 h to 24 h are the summed “+” for each group, representing the general turbidity.)