Effects of Fructus mume Extract on MAPK and NF-κB Signaling and the Resultant Improvement in the Cognitive Deficits Induced by Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion
Figure 3
F. mume improves spatial memory impairment induced by chronic BCCAo. (a) Search error measure of spatial learning during five trial sessions of training trials. Compared to the learning in sham-operated control rats (sham + vehicle), learning was significantly impaired in the BCCAo rats (BCCAo + Vehicle). F. mume (BCCAo + F. mume 200 mg/kg) treatment significantly ameliorated the learning impairment induced by chronic BCCAo. (b) The percentage of time spent in the target annulus (5× of the platform size). In both probe trials, sham-operated control rats showed spatial bias, whereas the BCCAo rats did not (*). Compared to the BCCAo rats, F. mume treatment (BCCAo + F. mume 200) significantly showed spatial bias in the first probe trial (#).
