Hydrotherapy for the Treatment of Pain in People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 2

Median values and standard deviation values of outcome measures at each time point.

Outcome measure	Group allocation	Baseline	Week 20	Week 24	Week 30	Percentage change from baseline to week 20
Pain VAS	Control	7 (1.9)	6 (2.3)	6 (2.1)	6 (2.4)	23% Improvement
	Experimental	7 (2.1)	3 (2.3)^* φ	4 (2.6)^* φ	5 (2.5)*	50% Improvement
McGill Pain Questionnaire PRI	Control	23 (10.21)	20 (12.47)	21 (11.53)	22 (10.06)	17% Improvement
	Experimental	19 (11.34)	12 (7.45)^* φ	14 (10.04)^* φ	19 (12.19)	40% Improvement
McGill Pain Questionnaire PPI	Control	2 (1.5)	2 (1.1)	2 (1.4)	2 (1.3)	5% Improvement
	Experimental	2 (1.7)	1 (0.5)*	1 (1.5)	2 (1.8)	40% Improvement
Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire	Control	9 (6.11)	5 (4.27)*	6 (5.33)*	8 (5.91)	12% Improvement
	Experimental	7 (8.43)	2 (1.56)^* φ	3 (2.32)^* φ	3 (2.05)^* φ	100% Improvement
Spasm VAS	Control	6 (3.1)	4 (4.5)	5 (3.86)	6 (2.76)	10% Improvement
	Experimental	5 (2.8)	2 (4.3)^* φ	2 (3.9)^* φ	4 (3.1)	91% Improvement
MSIS-29 Physical	Control	46 (18.34)	45 (17.14)	46 (19.12)	46 (15.93)	6% Improvement
	Experimental	48 (15.91)	41 (12.37)^* φ	45 (11.25)^* φ	48 (12.89)^* φ	78% Improvement
MSIS-29 Psychological	Control	30 (23.53)	25 (19.36)*	27 (21.29)	29 (20.39)	37% Improvement
	Experimental	34 (29.47)	21 (15.73)^* φ	22 (17.94)^* φ	24 (11.27)^* φ	81% Improvement
MFIS Physical	Control	25 (9.41)	22 (11.03)	23 (10.34)	24 (11.17)	9% Improvement
	Experimental	26 (9.02)	14 (10.37)^* φ	17 (9.76)^* φ	22 (13.81)	48% Improvement
MFIS Cognitive	Control	19 (8.95)	17 (7.13)	17 (8.59)	18 (10.27)	13% Improvement
	Experimental	23 (9.82)	13 (3.41)*	15 (6.28)*	17 (7.95)	61% Improvement
MFIS Psychosocial	Control	5 (2.8)	4 (3.1)	4 (2.9)	5 (3.4)	26% Improvement
	Experimental	5 (2.2)	2 (2.1)*	2 (1.3)*	3 (2.3)	58% Improvement
Fatigue Severity Scale	Control	5 (5.1)	4 (3.9)	5 (5.2)	5 (3.8)	12% Improvement
	Experimental	6 (3.1)	3 (2.2)*	3 (2.4)^* φ	4 (2.2)	39% Improvement
Beck Depression Inventory II	Control	15 (8.68)	13 (5.91)	14 (9.01)	14 (8.93)	11% Improvement
	Experimental	14 (7.72)	5 (3.2)^* φ	9 (4.88)^* φ	11 (5.92)	52% Improvement
Barthel Index	Control	87 (10.34)	88 (8.92)	90 (7.65)	90 (8.73)	2% Improvement
	Experimental	91 (7.12)	86 (9.23)*	87 (8.79)*	89 (9.05)	9% Improvement

Median values and standard deviations (SD). *Significant change from baseline value. ^φSignificant difference between experimental and control groups.