Intracultural Variation in the Knowledge of Medicinal Plants in an Urban-Rural Community in the Atlantic Forest from Northeastern Brazil

Table 1

Medicinal plants mentioned in the community of Três Ladeiras, Igarassu, Pernambuco state, Brazil.

Family/scientific name	Vernacular name	Habit	Origin	Citation number	RI 2005*	RI 2008
Acanthaceae
Justicia pectoralis Jacq.	Chambá	Herbs	Native	21	0.33	0.37
Justicia sp.	Anador	—	—	25	—	1.00
Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff.	Melacilina	Herbs	Exotic	15	0.67	0.94
Amaranthaceae
Alternanthera brasiliana (L.) Kuntze.	Novalgina	Herbs	Exotic	3	—	0.35
Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pederson	Acônico/Acônito	Herbs	Exotic	17	0.67	0.27
Anacardiaceae
Anacardium occidentale L.	Cajueiro roxo	Tree	Native	113	0.33	1.24
Mangifera indica L.	Manga	Tree	Exotic	11	0.83	0.62
Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi	Aroeira	Tree	Native	219	1.17	1.60
Spondias purpurea L.	Siriguela	Tree	Native	3	—	0.27
Annonaceae
Annona montana Macfad.	Aticum	Tree	Native	13	0.83	0.61
Annona muricata L.	Graviola	Tree	Exotic	4	—	0.30
Annona squamosa L.	Pinha	Tree	Exotic	1	—	0.12
Apiaceae
Daucus carota L.	Cenoura	Herbs	Exotic	1	—	0.12
Foeniculum vulgare Mill.	Endro	Herbs	Exotic	12	—	0.74
Pimpinella anisum L.	Erva doce	Herbs	Exotic	45	0.33	1.09
Apocynaceae
Catharanthus roseus L. G. Don.	Boa noite branca	Herbs	Exotic	3	—	0.27
Hancornia speciosa Gomes	Mangaba	Tree	Native	1	0.17	0.12
Arecaceae
Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart.	Macaiba	Tree	Native	30	0.17	0.76
Cocos nucifera L.	Coco amarelo	Tree	Exotic	7	0.17	0.39
Elaeis guineensis Jacq.	Dendezeiro	Tree	Exotic	2	0.17	0.24
Syagrus sp.	Coco catolé	Tree	Native	6	0.50	0.42
Asteraceae
Acanthospermum hispidum DC.	Espinho de cigano	Herbs	Exotic	48	0.67	0.76
Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronq.	Rabo de raposa	Herbs	Exotic	3	0.33	0.12
Helianthus annuus L.	Girassol	Herbs	Native	10	0.17	0.12
Matricaria chamomilla L.	Camomila	Herbs	Exotic	7	—	0.12
Pluchea sp.	Mar de cravo	Herbs	—	1	—	0.12
Gymnanthemum amygdalinum (Delile) Sch.Bip. ex Walp.	Alcachofra	Herbs	Exotic	50	0.33	0.83
Asteraceae 1	Carqueja	—	—	2	—	0.12
Begoniaceae
Begonia reniformis Dryand.	Capeba	Shrub	Native	3	0.17	0.24
Bignoniaceae
Handroanthus impetiginosus (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos	Pau daico roxo	Tree	Native	8	0.67	0.54
Bombacaceae
Chorisia sp.	Barriguda	Tree	Native	1	—	0.12
Boraginaceae
Heliotropium angiospermum Murray	Crista de galo	Herbs	Exotic	1	—	0.12
Heliotropium indicum L.	Fedegoso	Herbs	Exotic	3	0.50	0.35
Brassicaceae
Nasturtium officinale R. Br.	Agrião	Herbs	Exotic	48	0.83	0.53
Bromeliaceae
Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.	Abacaxi	Herbs	Native	14	—	0.39
Tillandsia usneoides (L.) L.	Salambaia	Herbs	Native	2	0.17	0.24
Burseraceae
Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) Marchand	Amescla	Tree	Native	1	1.00	0.12
Cactaceae
Cereus jamacaru DC.	Cardeiro	Tree	Native	5	—	0.12
Caesalpiniaceae
Bauhinia forficata Link	Pata de vaca	Tree	Native	9	—	0.30
Caesalpinia echinata Lam.	Pau brasil	Tree	Native	1	—	0.12
Caesalpinia ferrea Mart. ex Tul.	Jucá	Tree	Native	11	0.50	0.27
Copaifera sp.	Pau dóleo	Tree	—	1	0.17	0.12
Hymenaea martiana Hayne	Jatobá	Tree	Native	27	1.33	1.20
Senna alata (L.) Roxb.	Café beirão	Shrub	Exotic	1	—	0.12
Senna occidentalis (L.) Link.	Manjirioba/Mata pasto	Herbs	Exotic	24	0.17	0.76
Poincianella pyramidalis (Tul.) L. P. Queiroz	Catingueira	Tree	Native	1	—	0.12
Capparaceae
Cleome spinosa Jacq.	Mussambê	Shrub	Exotic	11	0.17	0.30
Caprifoliaceae
Sambucus nigra L.	Flor de sabugo/Sabugueiro	Tree	Exotic	33	0.50	0.57
Caricaceae
Carica papaya L.	Mamão	Tree	Native	7	0.33	0.46
Caryophyllaceae
Dianthus caryophyllus L.	Cravo branco	Herbs	Exotic	4	—	0.27
Cecropiaceae
Cecropia palmata Willd.	Embauba branca	Tree	Native	6	0.33	0.42
Chenopodiaceae
Beta vulgaris L.	Beterraba	Herbs	Exotic	8	—	0.34
Chenopodium ambrosioides L.	Mastruz/Mentruz	Herbs	Exotic	85	0.67	0.68
Chrysobalanaceae
Licania sp.	Oiti/Oiticica	—	—	2	—	0.24
Chrysobalanaceae 1	Oiticoró	—	—	1	—	0.12
Clusiaceae
Vismia guianensis (Aubl.) Pers.	Lacre	Tree	Native	12	0.33	0.42
Combretaceae
Buchenavia sp.	Imbiriba	—	—	4	0.33	0.15
Terminalia catappa L.	Coração de negro	Tree	Exotic	2	—	0.58
Convolvulaceae
Ipomoea asarifolia (Ders.) R. et Sch	Salsa	Herbs	Exotic	1	0.17	0.15
Operculina alata (Ham.) Urb.	Batata de purga	Herbs	Native	1	0.50	0.12
Convolvulaceae 1	Acanfó/Acafú	—	—	10	0.33	0.34
Convolvulaceae 2	Sassá	—	—	1	—	0.12
Crassulaceae
Kalanchoe laciniata (L.) DC.	Corona branca	Herbs	Exotic	17	—	0.81
Kalanchoe sp.	Corona roxa	—	—	6	—	0.51
Cucurbitaceae
Citrullus vulgaris Schard.	Melância	Herbs	Exotic	1	—	0.12
Cucumis anguria L.	Maxixe	Herbs	Exotic	1	—	0.12
Cucumis melo L.	Melão	Herbs	Exotic	1	—	0.12
Cucumis sativus L.	Pepino	Herbs	Exotic	2	—	0.24
Curcubita pepo L.	Jerimum	Herbs	Exotic	8	—	0.24
Luffa operculata L. Cong.	Cabacinha	Herbs	Native	1	0.17	0.12
Momordica charantia L.	Melão de são caetano	Herbs	Exotic	1	—	0.12
Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw.	Chuchu	Herbs	Exotic	20	0.17	0.27
Equisetaceae
Equisetum sp.	Cavalinha	Herbs	—	1	—	0.12
Euphorbiaceae
Cnidosculus urens (L.) Arthur	Urtiga branca	Herbs	Native	25	0.50	0.68
Euphorbia tirucalli L.	Aveloz	Shrub	Exotic	1	—	0.12
Jatropha gossypiifolia L.	Pinhão roxo	Shrub	Exotic	5	—	0.35
Jatropha mollissima (Pohl.) Baill.	Pinhão branco	Shrub	Native	2	—	0.24
Manihot esculenta Crantz	Macacheira/Roça	Herbs	Native	1	—	0.12
Phyllanthus niruri L.	Quebra pedra	Herbs	Exotic	13	0.17	0.46
Ricinus communis L.	Carrapateira/Mamona	Shrub	Exotic	5	—	0.27
Fabaceae
Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth	Sucupira	Tree	Native	5	0.50	0.39
Vicia faba L.	Fava	Herbs	Exotic	1	—	0.12
Zornia diphylla (L.) Pers.	Urinana	Herbs	Native	3	0.17	0.15
Flacourtiaceae
Flacourtiaceae 1	Imbira branca	—	—	2	—	0.12
Heliconiaceae
Heliconia psittacorum L. f.	Paquivira	Herbs	Native	1	—	0.12
Illiaceae
Illicium verum Hook. f.	Anil estrelado	Tree	Exotic	9	—	0.73
Iridaceae
Crocus sp.	Açafrão	Herbs	—	1	0.33	0.12
Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.	Alho do mato	Herbs	Native	3	0.67	0.15
Lamiaceae
Aeollanthus suaveolens Mart. ex Spreng.	Macassá	Herbs	Exotic	32	1.33	1.13
Mentha piperita L.	Hortelã miúda	Herbs	Exotic	141	0.83	2.00
Mentha pulegium L.	Hortelã pastilha/H. vick	Herbs	Exotic	34	0.17	1.07
Ocimum basilicum L.	Manjericão/Manjericão são josé	Herbs	Exotic	50	0.50	1.16
Ocimum basilicum var. minimum (Willd.) Benth.	Manjericão miúdo	Herbs	Exotic	5	0.17	0.35
Ocimum campechianum Mill.	Alfavaca de caboclo	Herbs	Native	14	—	0.69
Ocimum gratissimum L.	Louro falso/L. caseiro/ Hortelã fernando/H. são severino	Herbs	Exotic	4	0.17	0.24
Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng.	Hortelã graúda/H. gorda/H. bahia	Herbs	Exotic	155	0.83	1.22
Plectranthus barbatus Andrews	Boldo caseiro/Boldo falso/Hortelã caboclo	Herbs	Exotic	17	0.50	0.84
Rosmarinus officinalis L.	Alecrim	Herbs	Exotic	11	0.17	0.96
Lamiaceae 1	Alfazema	Herbs	—	1	—	0.12
Lamiaceae 2	Alfazema de caboclo	Herbs	—	1	—	0.12
Lamiaceae 3	Veiga morta	Herbs	—	53	0.50	0.84
Lauraceae
Nectandra cuspidata Ness & Mart.	Canela	Tree	Native	71	—	0.95
Persea americana Mill.	Abacate	Tree	Exotic	15	0.83	0.62
Liliaceae
Allium cepa L.	Cebola	Herbs	Exotic	12	0.67	0.34
Allium sativum L.	Alho	Herbs	Exotic	19	0.33	0.56
Aloe vera (L.) Berm.f.	Baborsa/Erva babosa	Herbs	Exotic	32	0.83	1.13
Loranthaceae
Loranthaceae 1	Cipó estanca sangue	—	—	1	0.33	0.12
Malpighiaceae
Byrsonima sericea DC.	Murici	Tree	Native	1	—	0.12
Malpighia glabra L.	Acerola	Tree	Exotic	10	—	0.51
Malvaceae
Gossypium barbadense L.	Algodão	Shrub	Exotic	2	0.50	0.20
Uerna lobata L.	Malva rosa	Herbs	Native	11	0.33	0.51
Meliaceae
Cedrela odorata L.	Cedro	Tree	Native	1	—	0.12
Mimosaceae
Acacia sp.	Espinheiro	Tree	—	3	—	0.12
Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan.	Angico	Tree	Native	3	—	0.24
Inga bahiensis Benth.	Inga porco	Tree	Native	1	—	0.12
Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir.	Jurema preta	Tree	Native	2	—	0.12
Piptadenia stipulacea (Benth.) Ducke.	Jurema branca	Tree	Native	1	—	0.12
Pithecellobium cochliocarpum (Gomez) Macbr.	Babatenom	Tree	Native	183	1.83	1.14
Pithecellobium saman var. acutifolium Benth.	Budão de velho	Tree	Native	2	—	0.24
Monimiaceae
Peumus boldus Mol.	Boldo do chile	Herbs	Exotic	44	—	0.73
Moraceae
Artocarpus communis J.R. Forst. & G. Forst.	Fruta pão	Tree	Exotic	3	—	0.35
Artocarpus integrifolia L. f.	Jaca	Tree	Exotic	2	—	0.24
Dorstenia sp.	Conta erva	—	—	1	0.83	0.12
Musaceae
Musa paradisiaca L.	Bananeira	Tree	Exotic	19	0.33	0.73
Myrtaceae
Eucalyptus citriodora Hook.	Eucalipto	Tree	Exotic	7	0.17	0.24
Eugenia uniflora L.	Pitanga	Tree	Native	58	0.17	0.59
Psidium guajava L.	Goiaba	Tree	Native	51	0.17	0.24
Psidium guineense Sw.	Araça	Shrub	Native	5	0.17	0.12
Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry	Cravo do reino	Tree	Exotic	5	—	0.59
Syrygium jambolanum (Lam.) DC.	Azeitona preta	Tree	Exotic	14	0.17	0.69
Nyctaginaceae
Boerhavia diffusa L.	Pega pinto	Herbs	Exotic	22	1.17	0.83
Guapira sp.	João mole	Tree	—	3	—	0.24
Olacaceae
Ximenia americana L.	Ameixa	Tree	Native	1	0.17	0.12
Oxalidaceae
Averrhoa carambola L.	Carambola	Tree	Exotic	17	0.83	0.30
Papaveraceae
Argemone mexicana L.	Cardo santo	Herbs	Exotic	7	0.50	0.24
Passifloraceae
Passiflora edulis Sims.	Maracujá	Shrub	Native	12	0.17	0.49
Pedaliaceae
Sesamum orientale L.	Gergelim preto/Gigilim	Herbs	Exotic	4	0.17	0.24
Phytolacaceae
Petiveria alliacea L.	Timpi	Herbs	Native	7	0.67	0.54
Piperaceae
Peperomia pellucida H.B.K.	Lingua de sapo	Herbs	Native	5	—	0.39
Piper nigrum L.	Pimenta do reino	Shrub	Exotic	2	—	0.24
Poaceae
Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf	Capim santo	Herbs	Exotic	133	0.50	1.47
Imperata brasiliensis Trin.	Sapé	Herbs	Native	5	—	0.15
Phalaris canariensis L.	Alpiste	Herbs	Exotic	4	0.17	0.24
Zea mays L.	Milho	Herbs	Exotic	2	—	0.12
Polygalaceae
Polygala sp.	Esquentado	—	—	1	—	0.12
Punicaceae
Punica granatum L.	Romã	Tree	Exotic	14	—	0.49
Rhamnaceae
Zizyphus joazeiro Mart.	Juá	Tree	Native	22	0.83	0.76
Rosaceae
Pyrus malus L.	Maçã	Tree	Exotic	1	—	0.12
Rosa sp.1	Rosa amélia	—	—	1	—	0.12
Rosa sp.2	Rosa branca	—	—	7	0.33	0.62
Rubiaceae
Borreria verticillata L. G. Mey.	Vassoura de botão	Herbs	Exotic	47	1.17	1.51
Genipa americana L.	Jenipapo	Tree	Native	53	—	0.64
Uncaria tomentosa (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) DC.	Unha de gato	Tree	Native	1	—	0.12
Rutaceae
Citrus limetta Risso	Lima	Tree	Exotic	1	—	0.12
Citrus limonia Osbeck	Limão	Tree	Exotic	14	—	0.57
Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck	Laranja	Tree	Exotic	44	0.83	0.93
Ruta graveolens L.	Arruda	Herbs	Exotic	75	0.83	1.08
Sapindaceae
Cardiospermum halicacabum L.	Cipó de vaqueiro	Shrub	Native	10	0.33	0.24
Cupania sp.	Cabotam	—	—	1	0.33	0.12
Serjania sp.	Cipó cururu	—	—	2	—	0.12
Sapotaceae
Achras zapota L.	Sapoti	Tree	Exotic	1	—	0.12
Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Roem. & Schult.) T.D. Penn.	Quixaba	Tree	Native	27	—	1.14
Smilacaceae
Smilax rotundifolia L.	Cipó japecanga	Herbs	Native	6	0.17	0.12
Solanaceae
Capsicum frutescens L.	Pimenta	Shrub	Native	3	—	0.24
Nicotiana tabacum L.	Fumo	Herbs	Native	1	—	0.12
Solanum americanum Mill.	Avamoura/Erva moura	Herbs	Exotic	5	0.17	0.30
Solanum paniculatum L.	Jurubeba	Shrub	Exotic	4	1.00	0.35
Sterculiaceae
Guazuma ulmifolia L.	Mutamba	Tree	Native	7	—	0.24
Theacaea
Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze	Chá preto	Shrub	Exotic	4	—	0.20
Turneracea
Turnera ulmifolia L.	Xanana	Herbs	Exotic	1	0.17	0.12
Verbenaceae
Lantana camara L.	Chumbinho	Shrub	Native	5	0.33	0.19
Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br.	Cidreira/Erva cidreira	Herbs	Exotic	94	0.67	1.86
Stachytarpheta elatior Schrad. ex Schult	Mocotó	Herbs	Native	4	0.67	0.12
Vitex agnus-castus L.	Liamba	Tree	Exotic	2	0.17	0.24
Violaceae
Hybanthus sp.	Pepaconha	—	—	7	—	0.51
Vitaceae
Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & C.E. Jarvis	Insulina	Shrub	Native	5	0.17	0.12
Leea sp.	Café	—	—	3	—	0.27
Vitis vinifera L.	Uva	Shrub	Exotic	1	—	0.12
Zingiberaceae
Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) Burt. ex R. M. Smith	Colônia/Colonha	Herbs	Exotic	190	1.67	0.91
Costus sp.	Cana de macaco	—	—	27	—	0.84
Zingiber officinalis Rosc.	Gengibre vermelho	Herbs	Exotic	1	—	0.12
Unidentified
Unidentified 1	Abre caminho	—	—	2	—	0.12
Unidentified 2	Açafroa	—	—	1	—
Unidentified 3	Boca torta	—	—	1	—	0.12
Unidentified 4	Bugre	—	—	2	—	0.12
Unidentified 5	Cafofa	—	—	1	—	0.12
Unidentified 6	Canela de viado	—	—	1	—	0.12
Unidentified 7	Chumbinho branco	—	—	1	—	0.12
Unidentified 8	Cipó de boi	—	—	2	—	0.24
Unidentified 9	Imbira vermelha	—	—	2	—	0.12
Unidentified 10	Malicia branca	—	—	2	—	0.24
Unidentified 11	Malicia boi/M. fina	—	—	4	—	0.15
Unidentified 12	Malva ferro	—	—	1	—	0.12
Unidentified 13	Moça	—	—	1	—	0.12
Unidentified 14	Pé de galinha/Papo de peru	—	—	1	—	0.12
Unidentified 15	Pega rapaz	—	—	1	—	0.12
Unidentified 16	Perpetua branca	—	—	1	—	0.12
Unidentified 17	Piripiri	—	—	1	—	0.12
Unidentified 18	Piriquiti	—	—	1	—	0.12
Unidentified 19	Quebra faca	—	—	5	—	0.27
Unidentified 20	Quentão	—	—	1	—	0.12
Unidentified 21	Rasteira	—	—	1	—	0.12
Unidentified 22	Rasteirinho	—	—	1	—	0.12
Unidentified 23	Salsa caroba	—	—	1	—	0.12
Unidentified 24	Sete casco	—	—	1	—	0.12
Unidentified 25	Tatajuba	—	—	1	—	0.12

*(—) denotes the absence of the species on the list of Gazzaneo et al. [15].
RI 2005: relative importance calculated from information given by local experts; RI 2008: relative Importance calculated from information given by the general community.