Kappa-Opioid Receptors in the Caudal Nucleus Tractus Solitarius Mediate 100 Hz Electroacupuncture-Induced Sleep Activities in Rats
Figure 1
The effects of high-frequency (100 Hz) stimulation by EA at Anmian (EX17) acupoints on vigilance states and the effect of naloxone. Shade area: , open circles: , closed circles: , open triangles: .*represents a statistically significant difference between the values obtained from and . §depicts a statistically significant difference between the values obtained from and . #demonstrates a statistically significant difference between the values obtained from and . The black horizontal bar on the x-axis represents the dark period of the 12 : 12 h light : dark cycle. REM refers to rapid eye movement; SWS slow wave sleep.
