Mechanisms of Gastroprotective Effects of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Jasminum sambac against HCl/Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury in Rats

Table 1

(a) Effect s of J. sambac extract on kidney biochemical parameters in male rats. (b) Effect s of J. sambac extract on kidney biochemical parameters in female rats. (c) Effect s of J. sambac extract on liver biochemical parameters in male rats. (d) Effect s of J. sambac extract on liver biochemical parameters in female rats.

(a)

Dose	Sodium (mmol/L)	Pottasium (mmol/L)	Chloride (mmol/L)	CO2 (mmol/L)	Anion gap (mmol/L)	Urea (mmol/L)	Creatinine (μmol/L)
Vehicle (CMC)	141.33 ± 0.58	4.98 ± 0.04	103.88 ± 0.82	24.12 ± 0.54	18.75 ± 0.46	5.45 ± 0.45	34.83 ± 2.17
LD (2 g/kg)	142.05 ± 0.55	5.02 ± 0.09	105.29 ± 1.02	22.67 ± 0.81	18.55 ± 0.62	6.06 ± 0.83	33.87 ± 2.29
HD (5 g/kg)	143.14 ± 0.68	4.91 ± 0.06	104.35 ± 0.54	23.90 ± 0.64	19.15 ± 0.45	5.63 ± 0.37	35.05 ± 2.26

(b)

Dose	Sodium (mmol/L)	Pottasium (mmol/L)	Chloride (mmol/L)	CO2 (mmol/L)	Anion gap (mmol/L)	Urea (mmol/L)	Creatinine (μmol/L)
Vehicle (CMC)	141.87 ± 0.42	4.83 ± 0.14	105.78 ± 0.67	23.33 ± 0.41	18.00 ± 0.25	7.95 ± 0.33	41.76 ± 2.75
LD (2 g/kg)	142.07 ± 0.56	4.55 ± 0.16	105.85 ± 0.65	22.65 ± 0.42	17.49 ± 0.46	7.97 ± 0.49	42.00 ± 2.36
HD (5 g/kg)	142.15 ± 0.47	4.63 ± 0.18	107.03 ± 0.53	21.96 ± 0.75	17.67 ± 0.48	8.31 ± 0.68	43.13 ± 2.24

Values expressed as mean ± S.E.M. There are no significant differences between groups. Significant value at 𝑃<0.05.

(c)

Dose	Total protein (g/L)	Albumin (g/L)	Globulin (g/L)	TB (μmol/L)	CB (μmol/L)	AP; (IU/L)	ALT; (IU/L)	AST; (IU/L)	GGT; (IU/L)
Vehicle (CMC)	60.45 ± 1.25	9.62 ± 0.49	52.02 ± 1.40	2.17 ± 0.17	1.00 ± 0.00	153.00 ± 6.35	50.08 ± 1.62	172.95 ± 6.13	3.26 ± 0.25
LD (2 g/kg)	58.86 ± 0.86	8.81 ± 0.38	50.71 ± 1.21	2.13± 0.16	1.00 ± 0.00	154.17 ± 8.10	48.33 ± 0.58	174.23 ± 5.14	3.65 ± 0.42
HD (5 g/kg)	60.15 ± 1.05	9.17 ± 0.46	50.33 ± 1.24	2.02 ± 0.13	1.00 ± 0.00	155.00 ± 7.04	47.87 ± 1.55	175.15 ± 7.02	3.37 ± 0.18

(d)

Dose	Total protein (g/L)	Albumin (g/L)	Globulin (g/L)	TB; (μmol/L)	CB; (μmol/L)	AP; (IU/L)	ALT; (IU/L)	AST; (IU/L)	GGT; (IU/L)
Vehicle (CMC)	64.33 ± 1.26	11.19 ± 0.17	53.17 ± 1.28	2.00 ± 0.00	1.00 ± 0.00	108.83 ± 4.13	43.17 ± 2.91	171.83 ± 6.38	3.67 ± 0.33
LD (2 g/kg)	63.75 ± 1.19	11.05 ± 0.45	52.33 ± 1.26	2.00 ± 0.00	1.00 ± 0.00	98.83 ± 5.25	42.96 ± 2.70	172.17 ± 6.35	3.50 ± 0.51
HD (5 g/kg)	65.02 ± 2.65	11.30 ± 0.43	53.02 ± 1.25	2.00 ± 0.00	1.00 ± 0.00	102.67 ± 5.17	44.02 ± 1.85	174.28 ± 5.26	3.22 ± 0.44

Values expressed as mean ± S.E.M. There are no significant differences between groups. Significant value at 𝑃<0.05.
TB: total bilirubin; CB: conjugated bilirubin; AP: alkaline phosphatase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; GGT: G-glutamyl transferase.