Tanshinone IIA Inhibits Growth of Keratinocytes through Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis: Underlying Treatment Mechanism of Psoriasis
Figure 10
Tanshinone IIA-induced mitochondrial apoptotic pathways. (a) Mitochondrial membrane potential detection assay followed by flow cytometry determination. Tanshinone IIA decreased mitochondrial membrane potential occurred by concentration- and time-dependent patterns. (b) Histograms represent means ± SD of JC-1 orange staining. (c) Cytochrome c was detected as a 14 kD band. GAPDH protein expression was used as the protein loading control. (d) Histogram of representative areas each from the control and treated groups. (e) Mitochondrial red staining (JC-1 aggregates) are a sign of intact, live cells, which is more frequently found in the control group whereas green cytosolic staining (JC-1 monomers) is present in all groups. To quantify the number of cells with intact mitochondrial membrane potential, the number of cells with mitochondrial red staining was counted in 10 separate fields for each group and expressed as a percentage of the total number of cells in the same field. The scale bars represent 50 μm. Asterisk marks indicate a significant difference between control and tanshinone IIA-treated cells (*, **). The scale bar in the first panel of (c) represents 50 μm for both sections.
