Cucurbitacin E Induces G2/M Phase Arrest through STAT3/p53/p21 Signaling and Provokes Apoptosis via Fas/CD95 and Mitochondria-Dependent Pathways in Human Bladder Cancer T24 Cells
Figure 4
The effects of cucurbitacin E on the apoptotic death of T24 cells. Cells at a density of cells/well were placed in 12-well plates then were treated with 500 and 1000 nM of cucurbitacin E for examining the morphological changes (a). Cells were incubated with 1000 nM cucurbitacin E for different time periods (12, 24, and 48 h), and then cells were harvested for evaluating the sub-G1 phase (apoptosis) by flow cytometry (b). Cells were exposed to 1000 nM cucurbitacin E for 12 and 24 h, and then cells were harvested for determining the annexin V positive/PI negative (apoptotic cells) as described in Materials and Methods. The results are shown as a mean ± SD (); a is significantly different () compared to control; b and c represent significant difference () compared with 1000 nM cucurbitacin E for 12 and 24 h, respectively, by one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s test for multiple comparisons.
