Hochuekkito (TJ-41), a Kampo Formula, Ameliorates Cachexia Induced by Colon 26 Adenocarcinoma in Mice

Table 1

Changes in cachectic parameters in colon 26 adenocarcinoma-bearing mice.

Parameter	Tumor (−), Hochuekkito (−); (𝑛=5)	Tumor (−), Hochuekkito (+); (𝑛=5)	Tumor (+), Hochuekkito (−); (𝑛=4)	Tumor (+), Hochuekkito (+); (𝑛=4)
Carcass weight (g)	27.1±0.7	26.2±0.29	20.2±2.3 *	24.2±2.9^††
Gastrocnemius muscle (mg)	141.1±10.3	128±8.7	115.7±6.9 **	148.8±8.9^†
Fat tissue around testis (mg)	209.5±14.4	226.5±7.3	32.2±55.7 *	155.4±77.9^††
Hb (g/dL)	16.3±1.2	15.4±1	13.5±0.9 **	15.3±1.6
Hct (%)	51.6±3.2	48.2±2.7	41.7±2.1 *	47.2±5.1
Plt (×10^4/μL)	103.5±9.7	115.6±20.1	38.3±8.7 *	37.7±13.6
Triglyceride (mg/dL)	117.2±21.1	115±14	16.8±5.7 *	63.8±9.5^††
Glucose (mg/dL)	176.9±20.4	181.5±22.3	61.7±13.3 *	126.6±56.5

Colon 26 clone 20 adenocarcinoma cells were implanted subcutaneously to BALB/c mice, and hochuekkito was administered orally to mice for 15 consecutive days. Mice were sacrificed 15 days after the tumor inoculation, and blood samples were collected, and gastrocnemius muscle and fat tissue around testis were weighed at the time of killing. Hb: hemoglobin; Hct: hematocrit; Plt: platelets. Carcass weight was calculated as the difference between whole-body weight and tumor weight. Data represent mean ± S.D. Statistical significance was evaluated with Tukey’s HSD after the one-way ANOVA.
*Significantly different from the group of tumor (−), hochuekkito (−); 𝑃<0.01.
**Significantly different from the group of tumor (−), hochuekkito (−); 𝑃<0.05.
^†Significantly different from the group of tumor (+), hochuekkito (−); 𝑃<0.01.
^††Significantly different from the group of tumor (+), hochuekkito (−); 𝑃<0.05.