| | Authors year, country | Professional group | CAMs studied (authors’ terms) | Mode of data collection | Response rate (RR, %) | Prevalence
(% recommending for patients) |
| | Koc et al., 2012 [39], Turkey | Midwives | CAM | Questionnaire | 129/159 (81.1) | 58.9% used CAM in their practice, mostly herbal medicines, diets, and exercises (32.6%, 27.9%, and 28.7%). | | Dennehy et al., 2010 [40], USA | Midwives | Herbal medicines | Questionnaire | 139/460 (30.2) | 66.9% used herbal medicines in their practice. | |
Hrgovic et al., 2010 [41], Croatia | Heads of obstetrics | CAM | Questionnaire | 36/36 (100) | Homeopathy, aromatherapy, massage, moxibustion, phytotherapy, acupressure, reflexology, and Reiki were not used at all (no data on herbal). Acupuncture used at two centres only. | | Samuels et al., 2010 [42], Israel | Midwives | CAM | Questionnaire | 173/238 (72.7) | 70% used CAM in their practice (49.1% massage, 37.0% herbals, and 33.5% homeopathy). | | Harding and Foureur, 2009 [43], New Zealand, Canada | Midwives | CAM | Questionnaire | 343/648 (52.9) | 71.95% recommended or offered CAM often (31%), very frequently (28%) or always (13%). Most common homeopathy, followed by herbal medicines, aromatherapy, and acupuncture (given as frequencies for different patient numbers, e.g., 50% of midwives recommend for 70–100% of their patients). | | Hastings-Tolsm and Terada, 2009 [44], USA | Midwives | CAM | Questionnaire | 227/500 (45.0) | 78% used CAM in their practice mostly herbal medicines (85%), pharmacologic/biologic treatments (82%), and mind-body interventions (80%). | | Münstedt et al., 2009 [45], Germany | Heads of obstetrics | CAM | Questionnaire | 138/187 (73.4) | 100% offered acupuncture, 95.7% homoeopathy, and 50.7% aromatherapy. Decisions to provide CAM were largely made by midwives. | | Münstedt et al., 2009 [46], Germany | Head of obstetrics | CAM | Questionnaire | 381/946 (40.3) | 97.3% offered acupuncture, 93.4% homeopathy, and 76.6% aromatherapy. Decisions to provide CAM were largely made by midwives. | | Wiebelitz et al., 2009 [47], Germany | Midwives (lecturers, students) | CAM | Questionnaire | 309/309 (100) | 63.1% estimated CAM to be “applied frequently” (defined as >25% of their pregnant patients) by midwives. 50–75% estimated homeopathy used “regularly”, 20–40% phytotherapy, and 28-27% hydrotherapy. | | Furlow et al., 2008 [48], USA | Obstetric, gynaecology physicians | CAM | Questionnaire | 401/1,009 (41.0) | 97.6% routinely endorsed, provided or referred patients for at least one CAM modality. 86.4% movement therapies, 80.3% biofeedback etc. 61.4% herbal, and 41.7% homeopathy. |
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