Combined Ethanol Extract of Grape Pomace and Omija Fruit Ameliorates Adipogenesis, Hepatic Steatosis, and Inflammation in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Table 1

Composition of experimental diets (unit: % of diet).

Ingredients	CON	GPE	GPE + OFE
Casein	20	20	20
D, L-Methionine	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sucrose	36.996	36.496	36.45
Cellulose	5	5	5
AIN mineral^1	4.2	4.2	4.2
AIN vitamin^2	1.2	1.2	1.2
Choline bitartrate	0.2	0.2	0.2
Corn Starch	11.1	11.1	11.1
Lard	17	17	17
Corn oil	3	3	3
Cholesterol	1	1	1
tert-butylhydroquinone	0.004	0.004	0.004
Grape extract		0.5	0.5
Omija extract			0.05
Total	100	100	100

CON: high-fat diet control; GPE: high-fat diet plus grape pomace extract (0.5%, w/w); GPE + OFE: high-fat diet plus grape pomace extract (0.5%, w/w) combined with omija fruit extract (0.05%, w/w). ¹AIN-76 mineral mixture (grams/kg): calcium phosphate 500, sodium chloride 74, potassium citrate 2220, potassium sulfate 52, magnesium oxide 24, manganous carbonate 3.5, ferric citrate 6, zinc carbonate 1.6, cupric carbonate 0.3, potassium iodate 0.01, sodium selenite 0.01, chromium potassium sulfate 0.55, sucrose 118.03, ²AIN-76 vitamin mixture (grams/kg): thiamin HCl 0.6, riboflavin 0.6, pyridoxine HCl 0.7, niacin 3, calcium pantothenate 1.6, folic acid 0.2, biotin 0.02, vitamin B₁₂ 1, vitamin A (500,000 U/gm) 0.8, vitamin D₃ (400,000 U/gm) 0.25, vitamin E acetate (500 U/gm) 10, menadione sodium bisulfite 0.08, sucrose 981.15.