Evaluation of Antileishmanial Activity of Selected Brazilian Plants and Identification of the Active Principles

Table 2

In vitro leishmanicidal activity of extracts on promastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis and L. brasiliensis.

Species	Sample	L. amazonensis IC50 (μg/mL)^a	L. brasiliensis IC50 (μg/mL)^a
A. schottii	Ethanolic extract roots	43.8±1.13	8.5±0.47
	Hexane fraction	49.4±2.27	48.6±1.23
	Dichloromethane fraction	2.1±0.25	8.8±0.37
	Ethyl acetate fraction	85.6±3.57	67.8±0.14
	Ethanolic extract stems	>100	39.0±0.56
	Hexane fraction	>100	17.8±1.83
	Dichloromethane fraction	13.6±3.80	8.2±0.07
	Ethyl acetate fraction	>100	47.9±3.60
	Ethanolic extract leaves	63.8±1.10	65.7±6.71
	Hexane fraction	>100	36.7±6.80
	Dichloromethane fraction	13.4±1.27	8.9±0.63
	Ethyl acetate fraction	>100	32.9±6.10
E. umbelliflora	Hexane extract fruits	14.3±0.86	5.7±0.92
	Dichloromethane extract fruits	37.0±1.02	20.7±0.05
	Ethyl acetate extract fruits	27.2±4.80	37.6±0.44
	Methanolic extract fruits 1	>100	>100
	Methanolic extract fruits 2	12.5±0.50	7.8±0.40
G. achachairu	Methanolic extract seeds	35.9±0.52	28.2±0.35
	Methanolic extract leaves	>100	>100
	Methanolic extract branches	>100	81.6±0.25
R. feruginea	Ethanolic extract fruits	>100	>100
	Ethanolic extract leaves	>100	>100
	Ethanolic extract stem barks	66.4±2.68	24.9±1.79
S. sisymbriifolium	Hexane fraction	>100	74.3±0.22
	Chloroform fraction	33.8±0.81	20.5±0.76
	Ethyl acetate fraction	>100	>100
Positive control	Catetanol	21.1±4.27	21.4±5.53
	Amphotericin B	0.6±0.36	0.7±0.36

aData are expressed as mean ± standard deviation of three determinations.