Acupuncture for Depression: Patterns of Diagnosis and Treatment within a Randomised Controlled Trial

Table 3

Primary zang  fu pattern clusters as reported by acupuncturists in 266 patients.

Primary pattern clusters	Number of patients (%)	Individual syndromes identified	Number of patients
(1) Liver Qi Stagnation	108; (41%)
		Liver Qi Stagnation	100
		Liver Qi Stagnation and Heat	4
		Liver Invading Spleen	2
		Liver Qi Stagnation with Phlegm	1
		Liver Qi Stagnation with Yang Rising	1
(2) Spleen Deficiency	43; (16%)
		Spleen Qi Deficiency	28
		Spleen Qi Deficiency with Dampness	11
		Spleen and Kidney Yang Deficiency with Damp	2
		Spleen Yang Deficiency	1
		Spleen and Kidney Yang Deficiency	1
(3) Heart Deficiency	20; (8%)
		Heart Blood Deficiency	10
		Heart Yin Deficiency	8
		Heart and Liver Blood Deficiency	1
		Heart Qi Deficiency	1
(4) Kidney Deficiency	19; (7%)
		Kidney Yang Deficiency	9
		Kidney Yin Deficiency	8
		Kidney and Liver Yin Deficiency	2
(5) Liver Deficiency	16; (6%)
		Liver Blood Deficiency	12
		Liver and Kidney Yin Deficiency	1
		Liver and Heart Qi Deficiency	2
		Liver Blood Deficiency/Stagnation	1
(6) Heart Excess	6; (2%)
		Heart and Liver Blood Stagnation	1
		Heart and Lung Qi Stagnation	1
		Phlegm Misting the Mind	1
		Shen Disturbance	3
(7) Other zang fu patterns	21; (8%)
		Liver Yang Rising	3
		Liver Fire	5
		Heat in Pericardium	2
		Stomach Yin Deficiency	1
		Stomach Heat	2
		Lung Qi Deficiency	8
(8) Other non–zang fu patterns	28; (11%)
		Yin Deficiency	3
		Blood and Yin Deficiency	7
		Damp Heat	4
		Phlegm Heat	3
		Phlegm	2
		Blood Deficiency	8
		Cold Damp in the Lower Back	1
(9)No primary pattern provided	5; (2%)		5
Total	266; (100%)		266