Comparison of Physical Therapy with Energy Healing for Improving Range of Motion in Subjects with Restricted Shoulder Mobility

Table 4

Mean pre- and postpain scores.

Group	Mean pain; Pre ± SD	Mean pain; Post ± SD	Difference; (Post − pre)	𝑁
Control	46.4 ± 5.7	46.6 ± 5.4	0.2	15
Sham	53.2 ± 5.8	37.8 ± 5.4	−15.4	15
PT	52.1 ± 5.6	40.6 ± 5.2	−11.5	16
Reiki	41.3 ± 5.7	31.2 ± 5.4	−10.1	15
RH	46.1 ± 5.4	22.2 ± 5.1	−23.9	17