Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine / 2013 / Article / Tab 1 / Review Article
Treating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Traditional Chinese and Indian Medicinal Herbs Table 1 Comparison of various mechanisms of action of Western medications with TCM and TIM herbs. Numbers in parenthesis corresponds with mechanisms of action depicted in Figure
1 .
Inhibition of carbohydrate absorption (1) Increased peripheral glucose uptake (2) Activation of PPAR (3) Increased insulin receptor expression (4) Increased insulin receptor sensitivity (4) Decreased peroxidation or apoptosis of
-cells (5) Stimulation of insulin secretion (6) Decreased gluconeogenesis/glycogenolysis (7) Suppression of glucagon (8) Delayed gastric emptying Western medications Biguanides * * * Sulfonylureas * Thiazolidinediones * GLP-agonists * * * Meglitinides *
-glucosidase inhibitors * DPP-4 inhibitors * * * Amylin * Herbs G. sylvestre * M. charantia * * * * * F. Mori * * T. foenum-graecum * * * Ridix Rehmanniae * * S. tetrandra * Rhizoma coptidis * * * Radix astragali * * E. japonica * G. biloba * * Radix ginseng * * * * Fructus schisandrae * * * * * P. lobata * * * * C. officinalis * * * * * B. racemosa * S. cumini * * T. cordifolia * * * O. basilicum * B. aristata *