Oat Protects against Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats via Attenuating Advanced Glycation End Products and Nuclear Factor Kappa B

Figure 3

Expression of NF-κB, TGFβ1, and RAGE in the kidney of control, diabetic, and diabetic + oat rats. RT-PCR analysis by using total RNA extracted from the kidney cortex is shown. Data represent the means with SEs of three independent experiments from three different rats. Gene expression is illustrated as a ratio of the integrated density values for the genes in question and the integrated density of the actin values to yield a semiquantitative assessment. A: control, B: diabetic, and C: diabetic + 20% oat.