The Biological Activity of Propolis-Containing Toothpaste on Oral Health Environment in Patients Who Underwent Implant-Supported Prosthodontic Rehabilitation

Table 7

Microorganisms isolated from oral cavity samples; the investigated group (A) of patients with dental implants (𝑛=8) and implant-retained prosthetic suprastructures who were using propolis-containing toothpaste (CA).

Isolated microorganisms (strains)	Baseline examination									Final examination
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	all	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	all
Gram-positive cocci
Streptococcus mitis			x		x		x		3	x	x		x		x		x	5
Streptococcus sanguinis									—				x					1
Streptococcus salivarius						x			1			x		x		x	x	4
Streptococcus vestibularis									—						x			1
Streptococcus acidominimus									—	x					x			2
Staphylococcus epidermidis MSCNS			x						1									—
Ruminococcus productus									—				x					1
Sarcina sp.						x			1									—
Gram-negative cocci
Neisseria spp.					x	x			2	x		x	x	x	x	x	x	7
Veillonella parvula									—			x		x				2
Gram-positive Actinobacteria
Bifidobacterium adolescentis									—								x	1
Bifidobacterium dentium									—			x						1
Actinomyces naeslundii									—			x						1
Gram-negative bacilli (rod-shaped)
Citrobacter freundii									—		x							1
Escherichia coli		x					x	x	3					x				1
Klebsiella oxytoca					x				1									—
Serratia liquefaciens	x			x					2									—
Fungi
Candida albicans						x			1		x			x		x		3
Candida famata			x						1			x						1
Total isolated strains	1	1	3	1	3	4	2	1	16	3	3	6	4	5	4	3	4	32

x: the presence of bacterial strain in investigated material.