| Study ID | Acupoints | Instrument | Results |
| Bossy et al. 1984 [51] | Jing points at the hand | NA | Deqi resulted from correct stimulation of the various structures in relation to an acupoint, such as group II afferent fibers. | Wang et al. 1985 [52] | PC6, LU11 | NA | Numbness and soreness were conveyed by Group II and Group IV fibers, and heaviness and distention by Group III fibers. | Wang and Liu 1989 [53] | PC6, PC9, LI1, LU10, LU11 | NA | Needling stimulation primarily activated slowly adapting receptors. The type of receptors varied with the location of acupoints. | Kuo et al. 2010 [54] | LU5, LU7 | LDF | Strong Deqi sensations, heat and numbness, felt at LU5 were correlated with increased blood flow at LU5. | Kuo et al. 2004 [55] | SI6, SI8 | LDF | AWD increased blood flow at acupoints. The speedy flowing of tissue fluid along the body stalk may explain the occurrence of propagated sensation along the meridian. | Kuo et al. 2004 [56] | LI4, LI11 | LDF | Deqi sensations such as soreness, numbness, and heat coexisted with increased blood flow at acupoints. | Lee et al. 2010 [57] | SP3, KI2 | Ultrasound dopplerography | Deqi-related warm, radiating, and energetic feelings were correlated with decreased blood flow velocity. | Zhang et al. 2011 [58] | SJ5 | fMRI | Deqi sensations perceived at SJ5 were mainly soreness, numbness, distending, and heaviness, corresponding to activated left temporal lobe and superior temporal gyrus. By contrast, tingling was felt at a neighboring nonacupoint, and the left limbic lobe and hippocampal gyrus were excited. |
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