Use of Propolis Hydroalcoholic Extract to Treat Colitis Experimentally Induced in Rats by 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid

Table 5

A morphometric analysis (by group and time) of the bowel layers and complete wall in the distal colons of rats that received rectal TNBS (20 mg/50% ethanol) (TNBS, TNBS-P, TNBS-M) or saline solution (S and SP) and were rectally treated with mesalazine (TNBS-M) or propolis SLNC106 (SP and TNBS-P). The results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation (𝑛=5).

Group/time	Mucosa (μm)	Submucosa (μm)	Muscle layer (μm)	Serosa (μm)	Total wall (μm)
Day 7
S	308.7 ± 32.2^a	70.1 ± 21.9^a	193.9 ± 14.9^a	16.0 ± 1.4^a	563.9 ± 69.6^a
TNBS	388.9 ± 75.2^ab	382.2 ± 158.1^b	257.6 ± 81.4^a	35.9 ± 24.3^a	1062.0 ± 265.8^b
SP	325.4 ± 20.9^a	59.9 ± 9.3^a	187.8 ± 45.4^a	25.2 ± 7.6^a	580.3 ± 50.2^a
TNBS-P	447.7 ± 81.5^b	241.1 ± 148.6^ab	318.4 ± 76.2^ab	82.4 ± 74.7^a	1033.0 ± 119.2^b
TNBS-M	456.6 ± 60.3^b	271.4 ± 204.4^ab	470.8 ± 350.0^b	192.8 ± 153.3^b	1320.0 ± 650.1^b
Day 14
S	347.8 ± 30.6^a	82.11 ± 27.7^a	250.4 ± 51.9^a	16.4 ± 1.5^a	677.8 ± 30.9^a
TNBS	362.0 ± 44.5^a	235.2 ± 101.5^a	200.5 ± 57.4^a	73.9 ± 21.6^ab	888.1 ± 174.3^a
SP	321.1 ± 5.6^a	126.9 ± 118.8^a	177.0 ± 55.7^a	21.0 ± 6.9^a	675.0 ± 302.9^a
TNBS-P	460.3 ± 50.7^b	257.9 ± 203.5^a	282.3 ± 84.8^a	132.7 ± 57.9^b	1121.0 ± 252.1^b
TNBS-M	464.8 ± 100.4^b	270.6 ± 204.3^a	342.0 ± 84.0^a	250.4 ± 111.4^c	1312.0 ± 391.7^b

^a,b,cThe means followed by different lowercase letters in the same column were significantly different at 7 and 14 days according to a two-way ANOVA model and the Bonferroni post-test (𝑃<0.05).