Warming Moxibustion Relieves Chronic Visceral Hyperalgesia in Rats: Relations to Spinal Dynorphin and Orphanin-FQ System

Figure 6

(a) AWR was used for behavioral assessment to evaluation the effects of i.t. orphanin FQ or/and OFQ receptor antagonist [Nphe¹]nociception(1-13)NH₂ on CVH at different levels of CRD stimuli (2.66, 5.32, 7.98, and 10.64 kPa). Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (𝑛=6 per group). **𝑃<0.01 versus normal group; ^##𝑃<0.01, ^#𝑃<0.05 versus model group; ^▴▴𝑃<0.01, ^▴𝑃<0.05 versus OFQ group. OFQ: orphanin FQ, Nphe¹: OFQ receptor antagonist [Nphe¹]nociceptin (1-13)NH₂. (b) AWR was used for behavioral assessment to evaluate the effects of i.t. orphanin FQ or/and [Nphe¹]nociception(1-13)NH₂ on moxibustion analgesia at different levels of CRD stimuli (2.66, 5.32, 7.98, and 10.64 kPa). Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (𝑛=6 per group). **𝑃<0.01 versus normal group; ^##𝑃<0.01 versus model group; ^▴▴𝑃<0.01, ^▴𝑃<0.05 versus WM group. OFQ: orphanin FQ, Nphe¹: OFQ receptor antagonist [Nphe¹]nociception(1-13)NH₂, WM: warming moxibustion.

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