Analgesia Is Enhanced by Providing Information regarding Good Outcomes Associated with an Odor: Placebo Effects in Aromatherapy?

Table 1

Correlations between respiratory variables and pain/unpleasant scores.

		All subjects; (𝑁=24)		All subjects; (𝑁=24)		Informed group (𝑁=12)				Not-informed group (𝑁=12)
		Lavender-odor; treatment		No-odor treatment		Lavender-odor; treatment		No-odor treatment		Lavender-odor; treatment		No-odor treatment
		Pain	Unp	Pain	Unp	Pain	Unp	Pain	Unp	Pain	Unp	Pain	Unp
𝑇tot	𝑟	−0.38	−0.17	−0.12	−0.28	−0.35	−0.01	0.04	−0.11	0.03	0.11	0.37	0.03
	𝑃	0.06	0.42	0.55	0.17	0.25	0.76	0.91	0.71	0.91	0.72	0.23	0.92
𝑉𝑇	𝑟	0.08	−0.15	−0.05	−0.08	0.25	−0.19	0.18	−0.12	0.19	0.12	0.2	0.23
	𝑃	0.68	0.48	0.79	0.69	0.43	0.54	0.57	0.71	0.54	0.71	0.52	0.47

𝑇_tot: total respiratory time, 𝑉_𝑇: tidal volume, Pain: changes in pain scores, Unp: changes in unpleasant scores, 𝑟: correlation coefficient, and 𝑃: P value.