Essential Oil of Artemisia annua L.: An Extraordinary Component with Numerous Antimicrobial Properties

Table 3

Tests on the main components of A. annua essential oil.

	Artemisia ketone		𝛼-Pinene		1,8-Cineole		Camphor		Reference	𝛼-Terpineol		Reference
	MIC; (mg/mL)	MBC; (mg/mL)	MIC; (mg/mL)	MBC; (mg/mL)	MIC; (mg/mL)	MBC; (mg/mL)	MIC; (mg/mL)	MBC; (mg/mL)		MIC; (%, v/v)	MBC; (%, v/v)
Bacterial strains
Gram- positive
S. aureus	0.07–0.15	0.3–0.6	>10	>10	2.5–5	2.5–5	2.5–5	2.5–>10	[10]
Sarcina lutea	2.5	10	1.25	2.5	0.6	1.25	2.5	2.5	[10]
B. cereus	0.6	0.6	>10	>10	20	20	10	10	[10]
Gram- negative
E. coli	10	10	>10	>10	20	20	>10	>10	[10]
Shigella sp.	0.6	0.6	>10	>10	10	20	>10	>10	[10]
S.  enteritidis	0.6	10	0.6	5	5	10	>10	>10	[10]
K. pneumoniae	2.5	2.5	>10	>10	5	5	1.25	5	[10]
Fungal strains
C. albicans	10	10	>10	>10	5	20	5	5	[10]	0.25	0.5	[18]
C. glabrata										0.12	0.5	[18]
C. dubliniensis										0.12	0.25	[18]
C. krusei										0.12	0.5	[18]
C. guillermondii										0.12	0.25	[18]
C. parapsilosis										0.06	0.5	[18]
C. tropicalis										0.5	0.5	[18]
A. fumigatus	2.5	2.5	5	5	1.25	2.5	2.5	2.5	[10]