Research Article
Effect of Yoga on Pain, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, and Serotonin in Premenopausal Women with Chronic Low Back Pain
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of subjects.
| | Variable | Yoga group
(n = 14) | Control group
(n = 11) |
| | Age (y) | 41.9 ± 8.9 | 45.0 ± 5.2 | | Body mass index (kg/m2) | 21.3 ± 2.0 | 21.5 ± 2.2 | | Smoking | | | | No | 13 (92.9) | 11 (100) | | Yes | 1 (7.1) | 0 (0) | | Medicine | | | | No | 13 (92.9) | 10 (90.9) | | Yes | 1 (7.1) | 1 (9.1) | | Pain duration | | | | Less than 3 yrs | 4 (28.6) | 5 (45.5) | | 3–5 yrs | 3 (21.4) | 1 (9.1) | | More than 5 yrs | 7 (50.0) | 5 (45.5) | | Previous treatment for back pain | | | | No | 6 (42.9) | 6 (54.5) | | Yes (multiple response) | 8 (57.1) | 5 (45.5) | | (i) Acupuncture | 6 | 2 | | (ii) Physical therapy | 3 | 3 | | (iii) Exercise therapy | 1 | 0 |
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Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or n (%).
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