Differential Effects of Naja naja atra Venom on Immune Activity

Figure 2

NNAV increased IFN-γ and IL-4 from Th1 and Th2 CD4 T cells. The NNAV solution was orally administered to ICR mice daily for 21 days, and control mice were given water. Splenocytes isolated from NNAV and control mice were stimulated with ConA (5 μg/mL) for 48 h. The supernatant was collected for the determination of the concentration of IFN-γ (a) and IL-4 (b). Data represent mean values ± SD for 4 mice per group; triplicates were used for each mouse. ^∗𝑃<0.05 (versus control). (c) For the determination of the expression of IFN-γ and IL-4 in CD3⁺CD4⁺T cells, splenocytes were collected and stimulated with PMA/Ion at the presence of BFA for 6 h. Data present mean values ± SD for 4 mice per group. ^∗𝑃<0.05 (versus control).

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(b)

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