Cognitive-Enhancing Effect of Steamed and Fermented Codonopsis lanceolata: A Behavioral and Biochemical Study

Figure 3

(a) Mean distance travelled to the platform in the Morris water maze test. Results are expressed as mean ± SD (𝑛=7). ^∗𝑃<0.05, ^∗∗𝑃<0.01, and ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.001 compared with scopolamine group. (b) Typical swimming routes of each group in the Morris water maze test. (A) Control group; (B) scopolamine-treated group; (C) scopolamine + donepezil-treated group; (D) scopolamine + fermented C. lanceolata (800 mg/kg, P.O.).

(a)

(b)