Review Article

Effectiveness, Medication Patterns, and Adverse Events of Traditional Chinese Herbal Patches for Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review

Table 6

Herbs and actions of TCHPs.

Categories of effectiveness

Expelling wind-cold and eliminating dampness medicinal (accumulated no.: 37; accumulated freq.: 286)

Chuan Wu (Radix Aconiti, 37), Cao Wu (Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, 34), Bai Zhi (Radix Angelicae Dahuricae, 25), Wei Ling Xian (Radix Clematidis, 24), Xi Xin (Herba Asari, 21), Du Huo (Angelicae Pubescentis, 17), Ma Huang (Herba Ephedra, 15), Mu Gua (Fructus Chaenomelis, 14), Tou Gu Cao (Herba Speranskiae Tuberculatae, 14), Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomie, Cassia Twig, 12), Qiang Huo (Rhizoma seu Radix Notopterygii, 12), Fang Feng (Radix Saposhnikoviae, 9), Shen Jin Cao (Herba Lycopodir, 5), Qing Feng Teng (Caulis Sinomenii seu Diploclisiae, 4), Sang Ji Sheng (Loranthi, 3), Song Jie (Lignum Pini Nodi, 3), Hai Feng Teng (Caulis Piperis Futokadsuae, 3), Ge Gen (Radix Puerariae, 3), Wu Shao She (Zaocys dhumnades, 3), Xue Shang Yi Zhi Hao (Radix Aconiti brachypodi, 3), Xu Chang Qing (Radix Cynaachi Paniculati, 3), Du Yi Wei (Radix Lamiophlomidis rotatae, 3), Man Jing Zi (Fructus viticis, 2), Mu Bie Zi (Semen Momordicae, 2), Hai Tong Pi (Cortex Erythrinae, 2), Xi Qian Cao (Herba Siegesbeckiae, 2), others (11).

Blood-activating and stasis-resolving medicinal (accumulated no.: 27; accumulated freq.: 268)

Mo Yao (Myrrha, 33), Ru Xiang (Olibanum, 32), Chuan Xiong (Rhizoma Ligusticum chuan xiong, 28), Ma Qian Zi (Semen Strychni, 21), Hong Hua (Flos Carthami, 20), Niu Xi (Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae, 19), She Xiang (Moschus, 18), Xue Jie (Sanguis Draconis, 14), Tu Bie Chong (Eupolyphaga seu Steleophaga, 11), San Qi (Radix Notoginseng, 11), Chuan Shan Jia (Squama  Manitis, 11), Jiang Huang (Rhizoma Curcumame Longae, 10), Tao Ren (Semen Persicae, 6), E. Zhu (Rhizoma Curcumae, 5), San Ling (Rhizoma Sparaganii, 5), Yan Hu Suo (Rhizoma Corydalis, 5), Pu Huang (Pollen Typhae, 4), Ji Xue Teng (Caulis Spatholobi, 3), Wu Ling Zhi (Faeces Trogopterori, 2), Su Mu (Lignum Sappan, 2), Ban Mao (Radix Saccharri arundinacei, 2), and others (6).

Tonic medicinal (accumulated no.: 24; accumulated freq.: 107)

Dang Gui (Radix Angelicae, 29), Xu Duan (Radix Dipsaci, 15), Gu Sui Bu (Rhizoma Drynariae, 11), Wu Jia Pi (Cortex Acanthopanacis, 10), Du Zhong (Cortex Eucommiae, 7), Bu Gu Zhi (Fructus Psoraleae, 5), Huang Qi (Radix Astragali, 4), Gou Ji (Rhizoma Cibotii, 4), Shu Di Huang (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, 3), Bai Shao (Radix Paeoniae, 3), Yin Yang Huo (Herba Epimedii, 3), and others (13).

Heat-clearing medicinal (accumulated no.: 22; accumulated freq.: 92)

Da Huang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, 17), Chi Shao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra, 10), Zhi Zi (Fructus Gardeniae, 7), Dan Shen (Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, 7), Qin Jiao (Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae, 7), Huang Bo (Cortex Phellodendri, 6), Huang Qin (Radix Scutellariae, 5), Fang Ji (Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae, 5), Hua Shi (Talcum, 4), Ling Qiao (Fructus Forsythiae, 4), Di Long (Pheretima, 3), Mang Xiao (Natrii Sulfas, 3), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 2), Tian Hua Feng (Radix Trichosanthis, 2), Pu Gong Ying (Herba Taraxaci, 2), Chuan Shan Long (Dioscorea nipponica Makino, 2), and others (6).

Phlegm-eliminating and damp-draining medicinal (accumulated no.: 19; accumulated freq.: 63)

Tian Nan Xing (Rhizoma Arisaematis, 22), Bai Jie Zi (Semen Sinapis, 13), Zao Jiao (Fructus Gleditsiae, 4), Cang Zhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis, 3), Yi Yi Ren (Semen Coicis, 3), Jiang Can (Bombyx Batryticatus, 3), Huo Xiang (Herba Pogostemonis, 2), Hai Zao (Sargassum, Seaweed, 2), and others (11).

Interior-waring medicinal (accumulated no.: 7; accumulated freq.: 40)

Rou Gui (Cortex Cinnamomi, 15), Ding Xiang (Flos Caryophylli, 8), Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis, 6), Xiao Hui Xiang (Fructus Foeniculi, 4), Gao Liang Jiang (Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum, 3), Hua Jiao (Pericarpium, 3), and others (1).

Qi-regulating medicinal (accumulated no.: 5; accumulated freq.: 8)

Xiang Fu (Rhizoma Cyperi, 3), Mu Xiang (Radix Aucklandiae, 2), and others (3).

Others (accumulated no.: 38; accumulated freq.: 117)

Bing Pian (Borneolum Syntheticum, 29), Zhang Nao (Camphora, 18), Qian Dan (Componere Hydrargyrum, 9), Quan Xie (Scorpio, 8), Xiong Huang (Realgar, 6), Bo He (Herba Menthae, 4), Zi Jin Pi (Cortex Cercis Chinensis, 3), Teng Huang (Garcinia morella Desv, 3), A. Wei (Resina Ferulae, 3), Ji Dou (Herba Oxytropis chiliophyllae, 2), Chan Su (Venenum Bufonis, 2), Yang Jin Hua (Flos Daturae, 2), Ma Ren (Semen Cannabis, 2), Sha Jiang (Rhizoma Kaempferiae, 2), and others (24).

Values are the number (frequency). Herbal name presented only when the value is above 1.