Plant part Classification Compound Extract type and/or preparation Reference Whole plant Coumarin-lignoids Propacin Isolated from dichloromethane : methanol (1 : 1, v/v) extract after successive column chromatography on silica gel [38 ] Venkatasin Not specified* [39 ] Diterpenes Citlalitrione Isolated from dichloromethane : methanol (1 : 1, v/v) extract after successive column chromatography on silica gel [40 ] Jatrophenone Isolated from dichloromethane : methanol (1 : 1, v/v) extract after successive column chromatography on silica gel [41 ] Stem, roots, and seeds Coumarin-lignoids Arylnaphthalene lignan Isolated from petrol ether extract after successive column chromatography on silica gel [42 ] Gadain Isolated from petrol ether extract after successive column chromatography on silica gel [43 ] Jatrophan Isolated from petrol ether extract [44 ] Aerial parts Flavonoids — Detected by phytochemical screening reactions of ethanol extract [19 , 45 ] Lignans Gossypifan Isolated from petrol ether extract after successive column chromatography on silica gel [46 ] Gossypiline Isolated from dichloromethane : methanol (1 : 1, v/v) extract after successive column chromatography on silica gel [47 ] Phenols — Quantitative analysis showed that the petrol ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n -butanol extracts presented, respectively,
,
,
, and
mg of gallic acid equivalents/g of crude extract [48 ] Steroids — Detected by phytochemical screening reactions of ethanol extract [19 , 45 ] Tannins — Detected by phytochemical screening reactions of ethanol extract [23 , 45 ] Triterpenoids — Detected by phytochemical screening reactions of ethanol extract [45 ] Leaves Alkaloids Ricinine Compound isolated from ethyl acetate extract from senescent leaves [49 ] — Detected by phytochemical screening reactions of chloroform and methanol extracts [50 ] — Quantitative analysis showed 2.81% on leaves [51 ] — Not specified [30 ] Cardiac glycosides — Identified on leaves by qualitative phytochemical screening reactions [52 ] Flavonoids Apigenin Identified in ether fraction from ethanol extract [53 ] Isovitexin Identified in ethyl acetate and methyl ethyl ketone fractions from ethanol extract [53 ] Orientin/isoorientin Isomers identified in different types of extracts from leaves [54 ] Schaftoside/isoschaftoside Isomers identified in different types of extracts from leaves [54 ] Vitexin Identified in ethyl acetate fraction from ethanol extract [53 ] Vitexin/isovitexin Isomers identified in different types of extracts from leaves [54 ] — Identified on leaves by qualitative phytochemical screening reactions [52 ] — Quantitative analysis showed 7.4% on leaves [55 ] — Quantitative analysis showed 2.41% on leaves [51 ] Phenols — Quantitative analysis showed 8.6% on leaves [55 ] — Quantitative analysis showed 0.26% on leaves [51 ] Phlobotannins — Detected by phytochemical screening reactions of chloroform and methanol extracts [50 ] Proteins — Identified on leaves by qualitative phytochemical screening reactions [52 ] — Leaves obtained by micropropagation were macerated in liquid nitrogen and extracted at 4°C for 6 h with 0.1 M NaCl. The material was centrifuged and the limpid supernatant was dialyzed against water at low temperature in a cellulose membrane to remove nonprotein compound with molecular mass below 3.5 kDa [56 ] Reducing sugars — Identified on leaves by qualitative phytochemical screening reactions [52 ] Saponins — Identified on leaves by qualitative phytochemical screening reactions [52 ] — Quantitative analysis showed 4.15% on leaves [51 ] Steroids — Identified on leaves by qualitative phytochemical screening reactions [52 ] Tannins — Detected by phytochemical screening reactions of methanol extract [50 ] — Detected on leaves by qualitative phytochemical screening reactions [52 ] — Quantitative analysis showed 5.14% on leaves [51 ] Terpenoids — Detected on leaves by qualitative phytochemical screening reactions [52 ] Triterpenes (2
, 13
, 14
, 20S)-2,24,25-Trihydroxylanost-7-en-3-one Isolated from the ethanol extract after successive partitions procedures and column chromatography on silica gel and preparative TLC [57 ] (13
, 14
, 20S)-2,24,25-Trihydroxylanosta-1,7-dien-3-one Isolated from the ethanol extract after successive partition procedures and column chromatography on silica gel and preparative TLC [57 ] Stems Alkaloids — Quantitative analysis showed 2.16% of alkaloid on stems [51 ] Coumarin-lignoids 4′-O -Demethyl retrochinensin Not specified [58 ] Cleomiscosin A Compound isolated from ethyl acetate fraction stems after successive column chromatography on silica gel [59 ] Gossypidien Compound isolated from hexane extract from dried stems after successive column chromatography on silica gel [60 ] Isogadain Not specified* [61 ] Jatrodien Compound isolated from petrol ether extract after successive column chromatography on silica gel [62 ] Prasanthaline Not specified* [63 ] Flavonoids — Quantitative analysis showed 1.2% on stems [51 ] Phenols — Quantitative analysis showed 0.13% on stems [51 ] Saponins — Quantitative analysis showed 2.18% on stems [51 ] Tannins — Quantitative analysis showed 1.36% on stems [51 ] Roots Alkaloids — Quantitative analysis showed 1.6% on roots [51 ] Diterpenes 2
-Hydroxyjatrophone Isolated from petrol ether extract after successive column chromatography on silica gel [64 ] 2
-Hydroxy-5,6-isojatrophone Isolated from petrol ether extract after successive column chromatography on silica gel [64 ] 2
-Hydroxyjatrophone Isolated from petrol ether extract after successive column chromatography on silica gel [64 ] Citlalitrione Isolated from petrol ether fraction from the methanol extract after successive column chromatography on silica gel [13 ] Falodone Isolated from petrol ether fraction from the methanol extract after successive column chromatography on silica gel [13 ] Jatropholone A Not specified* [65 ] Jatropholone B Not specified* [65 ] Jatrophone Isolated from ethanol extract [66 ] Flavonoids — Quantitative analysis showed 1.75% on roots [51 ] Phenols — Quantitative analysis showed 0.24% on roots [51 ] Saponins — Quantitative analysis showed 2.83% on roots [51 ] Tannins — Quantitative analysis showed 2.73% on roots [51 ] Seeds Alkaloids — Quantitative analysis showed 2.36% on seeds [51 ] Amino acids — Not specified* [67 ] Carbohydrates — Quantitative analysis showed 30.32% on seeds [68 ] — Not specified* [67 ] Esters 12-Deoxy-16-hydroxylphorbol Isolated from hydrophilic fraction from the ether extract, by countercurrent chromatography [69 ] Fatty acids Arachidic acid Identified in petrol ether extract [68 , 70 ] Caprilic acid Identified in petrol ether extract [68 , 70 ] Lauric acid Identified in petrol ether extract [68 , 70 ] Lignoceric acid Identified in petrol ether extract [68 , 70 ] Linoleic acid Identified in petrol ether extract [68 , 70 ] Myristic acid Identified in petrol ether extract [68 , 70 ] Oleic acid Identified in petrol ether extract [68 , 70 ] Palmitic acid Identified in petrol ether extract [68 , 70 ] Palmitoleic acid Identified in petrol ether extract [68 , 70 ] Ricinoleic acid Identified in petrol ether extract [68 , 70 ] Stearic acid Identified in petrol ether extract [68 , 70 ] Vernolic acid Identified in petrol ether extract [68 , 70 ] Fibers — Quantitative analysis showed 9.25% on seeds [68 ] Flavonoids — Quantitative analysis showed 2.26% on seeds [51 ] Phenols — Quantitative analysis showed 0.18% on seeds [51 ] Proteins — Quantitative analysis showed 13.40% on seeds [68 ] Saponins — Quantitative analysis showed 2.37 on seeds [51 ] Quantitative analysis showed 6 g/kg on seeds [68 ] Tannins — Quantitative analysis showed 3.52% on seeds [51 ] Latex Proteins Cyclogossine A Not specified [71 ] Cyclogossine B Isolated from ethyl acetate extract by gel filtration column chromatography [20 ] Not specified Alkaloids Imidazole alkaloid Isolated from the plant exudates* [72 ] Piperidine Isolated from the plant exudates* [72 ] Diterpenoids Abiodone Not specified* [73 ]
