Mechanisms Underlying the Antinociceptive, Antiedematogenic, and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Main Flavonoid from Kalanchoe pinnata

Figure 4

Effect of KPFE (a) and KPFV (b) on TNF-α concentration in the pleural exudates. KPFE, KPFV, or dexamethasone (Dexa) was subcutaneously administrated 30 min before carrageenan injection (1%, 0.1 mL/10 g). The pleural exudates were collected 4 h after the carrageenan injection. TNF-α concentration was determined by ELISA. significantly different from the vehicle-treated group. Values represent means ± SEM of the TNF-α concentration in the pleural exudates (pg/mL) of 8 mice per group.

(a)

(b)